Anatomy Chapter 3 Quiz THE CELL CYCLE CORRECT VERSION

The cell theory includes all of these except

every cell is capable of living on its own if isolated from the body

The only kind of cell in the body that is not produced by the division of preexisting cells is

none, because every cell is produced by the division of another cell

What would be an example of a cell maintaining homeostasis at the cellular level?

a cell takes up potassium to maintain the proper cytoplasmic potassium concentration

If a hole is torn in a cell’s plasma membrane, the cell will die because

it will not be able to maintain differences between the cytoplasm and extracellular fluid

Functions of the plasma membrane include of the following except

thermal insulation

The tails of a phospholipid molecule in a plasma membrane are

hydrophobic

Identify the role of cholesterol in the plasma membrane

reduces membrane fluidity and permeability

Identify the mismatched pair

carrier proteins-allow a cell to move

Compared to the extracellular fluid, cytosol contains

a higher concentration of potassium ions

Match the organelle (1-4) with the correct description

1 and 7, 2 and 8, 3 and 5, 4 and 6

Mitochondrion - provides cell with energy

Centriole -

______ may be scattered in the cytoplasm or bound to the endoplasmic reticulum

Ribosomes

Synthesis of lipids and glycogen takes place in at the

smooth ER

Some cells contain large numbers of mitochondria while others have relatively few or none. This suggests that

cells with large numbers of mitochondria have a high energy demand

A mature red blood cell lacks a nucleus, therefore, it

cannot make new proteins and will be worn out within a few months

Each triplet of bases in a gene corresponds to

one amino acid in a protein

The process of forming mRNA is called

Transcription

What is the correct order of occurrence for the steps of protein synthesis?

3, 1, 6, 5, 4

DNA uncoils for transcription

mRNA is produced in nucleus

mRNA moves to ribosome

Ribosome moves along mRNA

tRNA brings amino acids to ribosome

Polypeptide is produced

A cell can increase how fast a substance diffuses across its plasma membrane by inserting channels, which modify the

membrane’s permeability to the substance

A solution that contains a lower osmotic pressure than the cytoplasm of a cell is called

hypotonic

Diffusion of a substance across the cell membrane may be influenced by all of the following except

the availability of ATP

Which of the following best describes osmosis?

diffusion of water from a greater to a lesser water concentration across a selectively permeable membrane

Imagine a beaker divided down the center by a rigid membrane that is freely permeable to water, but impermeable to glucose. Side 1 contains a 10 percent glucose solution and side 2 contains the same volume of pure water. At equilibrium, what will be the solution?

The volume of liquid will be greater in side 1

If the amount of chloride ion in blood plasma increases, which of the following would initially occur?

The blood osmotic pressure will increase

Assume that the import of a particular amino acid across the plasma membrane is observed (1) to occur only down its concentration gradient and (2) to slow when a different but similar amino acid is added to the extracellular fluid. The movement of the amino acid through the membrane is most likely by

facilitated diffusion

Which of these substances could be driven across a membrane by the resting membrane potential?

Na+ (positive)

The genetically programmed death of cells is called

apoptosis

In DNA replication,

two copies are made of each chromosome, and each copy contains one of the DNA strands from the original copy.

The stage in a cell’s life cycle in which the cell performs its normal functions and prepares for division is called

interphase

A cell duplicates its chromosomes during the _____ phase

S

During mitosis, two daughter cells form, each of which has

the same number of chromosomes as the original cell

The process by which cells become specialized is called

differntiation

Different cell types in the body

have the same genes, but different sets of genes are inactivated