Study Guide 301

Augmentative means to be used instead of speech. Alternative means to add to someone's speech.

False

Place the appropriate terms with the categories (high tech AAC and low tech AAC). 

Hight Tech- APP (Ipad, Tablet), Computer

Low Tech- Drawing, writing, gestures or facial expressions, pointing to letters, words, pictures.

Research indicates that a child should at least be 3 years old to use an AAC device.

False

Select all of the possible diagnoses that can be associated with severe expressive communication disorders (involving speech and language deficits) and result in use of an AAC device. 

Autism, Head Injuries, Fragile X Syndrome, Cerebral Palsy

According to AAC institute, how many Americans are estimated to experience speech/language disabilities that result in having a significant difficulty being understood by others?

3.5 million

Augmentative and Alternative Communication Board

A communication system that uses symbols, pictures, or text to assist individuals in expressing their needs and thoughts when they struggle with spoken language.

An individual can use an AAC device to achieve the following communication goals.

Express ideas, provide an answer, request needs, protest, reject, tell a joke, express emotion

An individual can combine the use of an AAC device and oral language to communicate. 

True

A low-tech AAC must be attempted/introduced before a high-tech AAC.

False

If a child uses an AAC, they will not develop verbal language. 

False

Please select all cognitive impairments that may be noticed in patients with right hemisphere syndrome/disorder.

Difficulty attending, impaired visual perception, impaired memory, disorientation, impaired reasoning & problem solving, executive dysfunction

An acquired brain injury caused by external physical force resulting in functional disability affecting speech, language, cognition, psychosocial behavior and physical functioning.

Traumatic Brain Injury

Brain injury caused by repeated mild brain traumas manifesting as a degenerative brain disease later in lafe.

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE)

Difficulty with any aspect of communication that is affected by disruption of cognition

Cognitive-Communication Disorder

Executive functioning

Refers to a set of cognitive processes including planning, reasoning, problem-solving, and regulating emotions, crucial for goal-directed behavior.

Discuss the effects of a mild traumatic brain injury

cognitive disorders, memory problems, poor reasoning and judgement, attention disorders.

3 behavioral effects that may be noted following a traumatic brain injury.

Increased impulsivity, emotional instability, and difficulty with social interactions.

Traumatic brain injuries are the leading cause of disease/disability and death in children and adolescence. 

Correct answer:

True

Select signs and symptoms of a mild traumatic brain injury

headaches, dizziness, change in eating habits, difficulty sleeping, increased sleeping, depressed mood, seizures

A behavior exhibited by an individual on presentation of the stimulus

Response

Strategy of selecting therapy targets based on known normative sequence/order of emergence developmentally

Normative Strategy

A token presented to elicit a response

Stimuli

Consequences that increase the probability that a particular behavior will recur

Reinforcement

The behavior

Do

The situation in which the target behavior will be elicited

Condition

How well the client performs the targeted behavior

Criterion

SMART acronym

Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-based

is the general term that encompasses three basic factors: effectiveness, efficiency, and effects

treatment efficacy

SLPAs may administer standardized assessments if the supervising SLP has met their caseload cap.

False

Professional issues are the challenges and considerations that are shaped by accountability, ethical standards, scope of practice, and responsibilities.

Correct answer:

True

How many hours of supervised clinical work is needed to apply for your CCCs?

Correct answer:

400

The necessity of holding a state license, state credential, ASHA certificate or all 3 depends on which of the following:

The individual state, the professional setting

The national professional, scientific and credentialing association for SLPs and audiologist is the

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA).

All activities required and performed by a school based SLP

Workload

Number of students with IEPs, IFSPs and 504 plans served by a school based SLP

Caseload

Open to those who hold a graduate degree and reside abroad; not eligible for clinical certification

International Affiliation

Open to those with a master's degree from an accredited program and have completed all requirements for the Certificate of Clinical Competence

Certified membership

Open to US residents with a master's degree in speech-language pathology or audiology, but are not involved in providing clinical services or supervision

Membership without certification

Open to those 65 years or older and have been members of the association for 25 consecutive years or 35 cumulative years

Life membership

To maintain your CCCs, you must accumulate how many hours of continuing education over a 3-year period?

30

All requirements necessary to earn Certificate of Clinical Competency

Complete a clinical fellowship year within 4 years of finishing school, Earn a Master's degree in SLP from an accredited institution, Complete 400 hours of supervised clinical work, Demonstrate knowledge and clinical skills adequate for entry into field, Pass the Praxis

Involve answering an individual's question with a question.

Counterquestions

Guide the conversation from general to specific by enabling the clinician to ask increasingly specific questions until the discussion is focused on a certain topic.

Funneling Questions

Correct match:

Do not elicit a specific response, instead they allow for varied and detailed responses.

Open-ended questions

Technique of repeating a word or statement until you get the person's attention or asking the same question over and over with the same loudness, voice tone, and facial expression until that person answers that question.

Broken Record

Explain the individual's or family's intended message by asking if the clinician's summary of what was said is accurate.

Request for Clarification

Although speech-language pathologists and audiologists incorporate counseling and use counseling skills in our daily work, it is not appropriate to identify ourselves as "counselors." 

True

What questions should be avoided and carefully worded why questions should be used during counseling-related exchanges with clients/family. 

False

Organize the responses to the appropriate category, separating areas that are within our SLP scope/boundaries and areas that are not within our scope/boundaries. 

Within Our Boundaries: Providing information about the delays and disorders, discussing interventions for the delays and disorders, working with the client/patient's and family's reactions to the diagnosis, interviewing the client/patient and family.

Beyond Our Boundaries: Child or elder abuse, Marital problems, Chemical dependence, Personality or character disorders

Select all of the core concepts related to person and family centered care

Collaboration, Respect and dignity, Sharing information, Participation

Breathing, visualization, muscle contraction/relaxation

Relaxation

Eye contact, attentive body language, head nods.

Effective listening

Modify attitudes and views toward a negative situation

Reframing

Repeating or rephrasing client's feelings to indicate listening or understanding

Empathetic listening

Scripted scenarios

Role playing

Ask more specific questions in response to a general question from a client.

Counter- question

Theory of Mind

The ability to understand and predict the thoughts, beliefs, and feelings of oneself and others.

Out of the options below, select all foundational counseling skills

promoting change, self awareness, attending

It is a conflict of interest under the ASHA Code of Ethics for a school-based SLP to recommend and provide additional speech therapy services to children outside of school at a private practice clinic that SLP works at.

True

Examples of abuse, neglect or significant incidents you are mandated to report may include the following:

Inappropriate use of restraints, Failing to provide adequate clothing, shelter, or food, Failing to provide adequate medical care, Physical abuse

SLPs are mandated reporters.

True

It is not a violation under ASHA's Code of Ethics to have "easy" speech therapy days where no formal goals are addressed if you and the client are both having bad days.

False

The goal of ethnographic interviewing is to use a series of open-ended questions to allow clients to provide a vivid description of their life experiences.

True

This requires valuing diversity, seeking to further cultural knowledge & creating community spaces/workplaces where diversity is valued.

Cultural responsiveness

Improper, illegal or negligent professional activity

malpractice

Failing to provide necessary care

Negligence

Agreement that authorizes proposed course of action

Informed consent

Conduct that is below the legal standard of care

Professional misconduct

Select ways that SLPs, SLPAs & audiologists can advocate for their profession & clients served.

Participate in clinical research, Financial support, Consumer education, Continuing education, Writing/calling legislators

This includes a personal examination (self-reflection) of your own beliefs and cultural identities to better understand other's beliefs and cultural identities.

Cultural competence

Systematic Reviews

External Evidence

Experience with individual client

Internal Evidence

Formal Education

Internal Evidence

Journals

External Evidence

Client perspectives, clinical expertise opinion, external, & internal.

evidence are all parts of ASHA's EBP Triangle

An expert opinion without ongoing critical appraisal or basic research is a high level of evidence.

False

Which type of research is designed to describe situations or events as they naturally occur and used to study group differences, developmental trends, and relationships among variables?

Descriptive research

Systematic reviews are summaries of evidence on a particular topic and the basis of evidence-based practice.

True

Single-Subject Designs

Experimental

Normative Research

Descriptive

Case Study

Descriptive

Meta Analysis

Experimental

Developmental Research

Descriptive

Predictive Research

Exploratory

Sequential Clinical Trials

Experimental

Qualitative Research

Descriptive