DRRR Flashcards

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Flashcards about disaster risk reduction and management

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29 Terms

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Disaster

A disruption due to hazardous events interacting with conditions of exposure, vulnerability, and capacity.

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Hazards

Potentially damaging physical event, social, and economic disruption or environmental degradation. Examples: natural, chemical, biological, physical, psycho-social hazards

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Exposure

Refers to the presence of people, livelihood, environmental services and resources, infrastructure, economic, social or cultural assets that could be affected by the hazards

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Vulnerability

State of susceptibility to any harm from exposure to stresses associated by environmental or social change and from the absence of the capacity to adapt

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Risk

The potential loss of life, injury, or destroyed or damaged assets which could occur to a system, society or a community in a specific period of time.

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Coping Capacity

Concerns all measures that people, organizations, and/or systems use to “cope with” sudden adverse conditions, allowing them to absorb impacts and react ex-post.

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Physical Perspective (Disaster Analysis)

Sees visible and tangible materials, natural or man-made, that have been affected by disasters.

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Psychological Perspective (Disaster Analysis)

Focuses on people’s mental health in response to disaster impacts, such as anxiety, shock, trauma, disbelief, or depression.

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Socio-cultural Perspective (Disaster Analysis)

Highlights how people respond collectively to disasters based on their perceptions, including religions, sectors, values, cultures, and beliefs.

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Economic Perspective (Disaster Analysis)

Investigates the communities’ economic activities and their disruption, involving analysis of quantifiable factors such as impacts on health, safety, economic progress, and environmental processes.

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Political Perspective (Disaster Analysis)

Targets how government services are utilized to reduce disaster risk and disaster losses, considering the lack of institutional and non-institutional capacities due to unbalanced political power and governance.

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Biological Perspective (Disaster Analysis)

Recognizes the possibility of disease outbreaks after an occurrence of a disaster and considers the health condition of people after a disaster.

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Geological Hazards

Hazards that occur on the Earth’s crust, such as earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis.

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Hydrometeorological Hazards

Hazards that are atmospheric, hydrological, or oceanographic in nature and could potentially cause loss of life and damage to property.

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Biological Hazards

Threat from viruses or bacteria, medical wastes, microbiological samples, or toxic chemicals of biological origin that can cause harm to human life.

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Technological Hazards

Hazards that can be industrial in origin and may result from accidents, collapsed structures, and explosions, chemical spills, nuclear radiation leaks, and dam failures.

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Socio-Natural Hazards

Hazards that are the result of the interaction of a natural hazard with overexploited land or other environmental resources, such as flood, landslide, drought, and wildfire.

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Emergency Management Cycle

The ability of an individual or institution to prevent or mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from a crisis.

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Earthquake

A weak to violent shaking of the ground produced by the sudden movement of rock materials below the earth’s surface.

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Focus (Hypocenter)

The point within the Earth where an earthquake rupture starts

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Epicenter

The point at the surface of the Earth above the focus

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Seismic Waves

Waves that transmit the energy released by an earthquake

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Fault

A fracture in the rocks that make up the Earth’s crust

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Magnitude

Proportional to the energy released by an earthquake at the focus.

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Intensity

The strength of an earthquake as perceived and felt by people in a certain locality.

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Landslide

The mass movement of rock, soil, and debris down a slope due to gravity.

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Tsunami

A series of sea waves commonly generated by under-the-sea earthquakes and whose heights could be greater than 5 meters.

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Liquefaction

When loosely packed, water-saturated soil turns to liquid, losing the ability to support roads, buried pipes, and houses.

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fire

  • Ground shaking can break gas

and electrical lines, sever fuel

lines, and overturn stoves

causing Fires.