DRRR Flashcards

Flashcards about disaster risk reduction and management

Disaster

A disruption due to hazardous events interacting with conditions of exposure, vulnerability, and capacity.

Hazards

Potentially damaging physical event, social, and economic disruption or environmental degradation. Examples: natural, chemical, biological, physical, psycho-social hazards

Exposure

Refers to the presence of people, livelihood, environmental services and resources, infrastructure, economic, social or cultural assets that could be affected by the hazards

Vulnerability

State of susceptibility to any harm from exposure to stresses associated by environmental or social change and from the absence of the capacity to adapt

Risk

The potential loss of life, injury, or destroyed or damaged assets which could occur to a system, society or a community in a specific period of time.

Coping Capacity

Concerns all measures that people, organizations, and/or systems use to “cope with” sudden adverse conditions, allowing them to absorb impacts and react ex-post.

Physical Perspective (Disaster Analysis)

Sees visible and tangible materials, natural or man-made, that have been affected by disasters.

Psychological Perspective (Disaster Analysis)

Focuses on people’s mental health in response to disaster impacts, such as anxiety, shock, trauma, disbelief, or depression.

Socio-cultural Perspective (Disaster Analysis)

Highlights how people respond collectively to disasters based on their perceptions, including religions, sectors, values, cultures, and beliefs.

Economic Perspective (Disaster Analysis)

Investigates the communities’ economic activities and their disruption, involving analysis of quantifiable factors such as impacts on health, safety, economic progress, and environmental processes.

Political Perspective (Disaster Analysis)

Targets how government services are utilized to reduce disaster risk and disaster losses, considering the lack of institutional and non-institutional capacities due to unbalanced political power and governance.

Biological Perspective (Disaster Analysis)

Recognizes the possibility of disease outbreaks after an occurrence of a disaster and considers the health condition of people after a disaster.

Geological Hazards

Hazards that occur on the Earth’s crust, such as earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis.

Hydrometeorological Hazards

Hazards that are atmospheric, hydrological, or oceanographic in nature and could potentially cause loss of life and damage to property.

Biological Hazards

Threat from viruses or bacteria, medical wastes, microbiological samples, or toxic chemicals of biological origin that can cause harm to human life.

Technological Hazards

Hazards that can be industrial in origin and may result from accidents, collapsed structures, and explosions, chemical spills, nuclear radiation leaks, and dam failures.

Socio-Natural Hazards

Hazards that are the result of the interaction of a natural hazard with overexploited land or other environmental resources, such as flood, landslide, drought, and wildfire.

Emergency Management Cycle

The ability of an individual or institution to prevent or mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from a crisis.

Earthquake

A weak to violent shaking of the ground produced by the sudden movement of rock materials below the earth’s surface.

Focus (Hypocenter)

The point within the Earth where an earthquake rupture starts

Epicenter

The point at the surface of the Earth above the focus

Seismic Waves

Waves that transmit the energy released by an earthquake

Fault

A fracture in the rocks that make up the Earth’s crust

Magnitude

Proportional to the energy released by an earthquake at the focus.

Intensity

The strength of an earthquake as perceived and felt by people in a certain locality.

Landslide

The mass movement of rock, soil, and debris down a slope due to gravity.

Tsunami

A series of sea waves commonly generated by under-the-sea earthquakes and whose heights could be greater than 5 meters.

Liquefaction

When loosely packed, water-saturated soil turns to liquid, losing the ability to support roads, buried pipes, and houses.

fire

• Ground shaking can break gas

and electrical lines, sever fuel

lines, and overturn stoves

causing Fires.