Sports Dev Test Year 12 Term 4

Motivator

Inspires others to perform at their best.

Communicator

Ensures instructions and feedback are clear.

Decision-maker

Makes choices about tactics and strategy.

Role model

Sets the standard for discipline, work ethic, and respect.

Mentor

Helps teammates develop personally and professionally.

Transformational Leadership

Inspires athletes through vision, belief, and passion, focusing on long-term improvement.

Example of Transformational Leadership

A coach who motivates players through shared goals and personal encouragement, rather than strict authority.

Distributed Leadership

Spreads leadership across several team members rather than relying on one individual.

Autocratic Leadership

A leader who takes full control of decision-making, giving clear, direct instructions.

Example of Autocratic Leadership

A coach making tactical calls during a grand final without consulting players.

Democratic Leadership

Involves the group in decision-making, promoting cooperation, motivation, and trust.

Example of Democratic Leadership

A captain asking teammates for their views on training strategies.

Laissez-Faire Leadership

A hands-off approach where athletes are given freedom to make their own decisions.

Example of Laissez-Faire Leadership

A coach letting elite athletes manage their own warm-ups and routines.

Positive Influences of Media in Sport

Raises awareness and popularity of sport, increases sponsorship and funding, creates role models, promotes inclusivity and social causes.

Negative Influences of Media in Sport

Promotes unrealistic body image, highlights scandals, invasion of privacy, can influence fan behaviour negatively.

Types of Media

Print: newspapers, magazines, books; Broadcast: TV and radio; Digital: websites, live streaming, podcasts; Social media: Instagram, X (Twitter), TikTok, YouTube.

Informative

provides facts, scores, statistics, and updates.

Entertainment

attracts audiences through storytelling and drama.

Advertisement

markets events, teams, and sponsors.

Education

teaches about rules, training, and health.

Purpose of Player Codes of Conduct

To set clear behavioural expectations for athletes, both on and off the field.

Being a Good Sport

showing humility in victory and grace in defeat.

Respecting Opponents

recognising their skill and effort.

Respecting Officials

accepting decisions without abuse.

Respecting the Game/Sport

following the rules and maintaining integrity.

Consequences for Breaching the Code

Penalties can include fines, suspensions, public apologies, or termination of contract.

Purpose of a Player Contract

A contract defines the agreement between an athlete and their club or organisation.

Contract for Service

common for individual sports or standard player agreements.

Tri-partite Contract

involves three parties—athlete, club, and governing body.

Express Terms

clearly stated (e.g., salary, length, bonuses).

Implied Terms

understood but not written (e.g., duty of care, fair treatment).

Negative Covenants

restrictions on certain behaviour (e.g., no rival endorsements).

Behavioural Covenants

expectations on conduct (e.g., professionalism and integrity).

Termination of Contract

A contract may end due to expiry, mutual agreement, breach of terms, retirement, or serious misconduct.

Isolation and Illness

Athletes must isolate when sick (e.g., gastro or contagious illness) to prevent team outbreaks.

Recovery Plans

often include hydration and the BRAT diet (Bananas, Rice, Applesauce, Toast) for gastrointestinal issues.

Pandemics

Pandemics like COVID-19 disrupted training, travel, and competition.

Gambling

Athletes, coaches, and officials are banned from betting on events they are involved in.

Multi and Exotic Bets

increase risk and fan engagement but can lead to corruption.

Race vs Sport Betting

racing is heavily regulated, while sports betting has expanded rapidly.

Impact of Alcohol on Athletes

impairs recovery, hydration, and performance.

Social Impact of Alcohol

excessive drinking damages public image.

Risks of Intoxication

being seen intoxicated in public can breach codes of conduct.

Meaning of Sport and Equity

Equity means giving everyone fair access to opportunities in sport, regardless of gender, age, culture, or ability.

Gender Equity

Historically, men dominated sport due to cultural expectations, limited funding, and media bias.

Pay Models Example

US Women's Soccer fought for equal pay and prize money.

Youth Equity

Youths play sport for fun, health, and belonging.

Cultural Equity

The principle of fairness in cultural representation and opportunities within a community.

Multiculturalism

Inclusion of diverse cultural groups within a community.

Performance-Enhancing Drugs (PEDs)

Substances that improve strength, endurance, or recovery.

Common PEDs

Anabolic Steroids, Peptide/Growth Hormones, Stimulants, Narcotics, Diuretics, Beta Blockers, Blood/Gene Doping.

Anabolic Steroids

Substances that increase muscle growth.

Peptide/Growth Hormones

Substances that enhance recovery and muscle repair.

Stimulants

Substances that increase alertness and reaction time.

Narcotics

Substances that mask pain.

Diuretics

Substances that reduce weight or mask other drugs.

Beta Blockers

Substances that calm nerves, used in shooting or archery.

Blood/Gene Doping

Methods that boost oxygen delivery and endurance.

ASADA Testing Protocols

Athletes can be tested anytime, anywhere, with samples analysed under WADA guidelines.

Eight Doping Rule Violations

Possession, use, refusal to test, trafficking, tampering, complicity, association with banned coaches, and evading tests.

Consequences of Doping

Suspensions, fines, loss of medals, and reputational damage.

Recreational Drugs

Substances used for stress relief, peer pressure, or poor lifestyle management.

Drug Categories

Depressants, Stimulants, Psychedelics.

Detection Times

Saliva: hours, Urine: days, Blood: up to weeks, Hair: months, Breath: short term only.

Legal Substances in Sport

Creatine, Carnitine, Bi-carb Soda, Vitamins/Minerals, Sports Drinks.

Participation in Professional Sports

Fewer than 5% of athletes reach professional level, and only a small portion stay there long-term.

Player Payments

AFL and rugby salaries have increased massively since the 1980s-1990s due to sponsorship and TV deals.

Short Careers

Caused by injury, age, and performance decline.

More Games

Since 2009/2010, professional leagues have expanded seasons to increase revenue.

Retirement

Occurs due to injury, burnout, family, or new opportunities.

Education for Athletes

Many athletes study or complete certificates during their careers to prepare for post-sport life.

Career Transitions

Leadership, communication, and discipline help athletes move into media, coaching, or business.

Giving Back

Many athletes run programs or campaigns promoting youth development, mental health, and social change.