BIOL 107 – Final Lab Practical Review

0.0(0)
studied byStudied by 0 people
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/80

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

Vocabulary flashcards covering microscope parts, microbial morphology, staining, media, biochemical tests, experimental design, blood typing, antimicrobial testing, and key eukaryotic microbes for the BIOL 107 final lab practical.

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

81 Terms

1
New cards

Ocular Lens

Eyepiece that magnifies the image 10×

2
New cards

Objective Lens – Scanning

4× lens used for locating specimens

3
New cards

Objective Lens – Low Power

10× lens for general viewing

4
New cards

Objective Lens – High Power

40× lens for detailed viewing

5
New cards

Objective Lens – Oil Immersion

100× lens used with oil for highest resolution

6
New cards

Nosepiece

Rotating turret that holds objective lenses

7
New cards

Diaphragm

Controls light intensity reaching the slide

8
New cards

Coarse Focus Knob

Large-movement knob used only with low power objectives

9
New cards

Fine Focus Knob

Small-movement knob used when switching or at higher powers; only knob for 100×

10
New cards

Mechanical Stage

Holds and moves slide with control knobs

11
New cards

Parfocal

Property allowing specimen to stay nearly focused when objectives change

12
New cards

Total Magnification

Ocular magnification × objective magnification

13
New cards

Scientific Notation

Number written 1–10 followed by ×10 with positive exponent for left moves, negative for right

14
New cards

Colony Size

Diameter measurement of a bacterial colony

15
New cards

Colony Shape

Overall form such as circular, irregular, filamentous

16
New cards

Colony Margin

Edge description; entire, lobate, undulate, etc.

17
New cards

Colony Elevation

Profile; flat, raised, convex, umbonate

18
New cards

Colony Surface

Appearance like smooth, rough, wrinkled, shiny, dull

19
New cards

Colony Texture

Moist, mucoid, or dry feel

20
New cards

Pigment & Optical Properties

Color plus opaque, translucent, shiny, dull qualities

21
New cards

Coccus (Cocci)

Spherical bacterial cell shape

22
New cards

Bacillus (Bacilli)

Rod-shaped bacterial cell

23
New cards

Spirillum (Spirilla)

Spiral-shaped bacterial cell

24
New cards

Diplo-

Cells arranged in pairs

25
New cards

Strepto-

Cells arranged in chains

26
New cards

Staphylo-

Grape-like cluster arrangement

27
New cards

Tetrad

Group of four cocci

28
New cards

Sarcina

Cube-like packet of eight cells

29
New cards

Gram-Positive Bacteria

Thick peptidoglycan; stain blue/purple

30
New cards

Gram-Negative Bacteria

Thin peptidoglycan; stain pink/red

31
New cards

Serial Dilution

Stepwise dilution to reduce cell concentration

32
New cards

Original Cell Density (OCD)

CFU ÷ (volume plated × dilution factor)

33
New cards

p10 Micropipette

Transfers 0.5–10 µL

34
New cards

p20 Micropipette

Transfers 2–20 µL

35
New cards

p100 Micropipette

Transfers 10–100 µL

36
New cards

p1000 Micropipette

Transfers 100–1000 µL

37
New cards

Endospore Stain

Differential stain; spores green, cells red

38
New cards

Acid-Fast Stain

Detects mycolic acid; acid-fast fuchsia, others blue

39
New cards

Capsule Stain

Stains background and cells pink leaving white halo

40
New cards

Negative Stain

Dark background, unstained clear cells

41
New cards

Flagella Stain

Coats and visualizes bacterial flagella

42
New cards

Streak for Isolation

Technique producing isolated colonies from mixed culture

43
New cards

Selective Media

Contains agents that inhibit some microbes, allowing others

44
New cards

Differential Media

Shows visible differences between organisms on same plate

45
New cards

Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) Agar

Selective for Gram-negatives; differentiates lactose fermentation

46
New cards

EMB Vigorous Lactose Fermenter

Dark purple/black colonies with metallic green sheen (E. coli)

47
New cards

Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA)

Selective for Gram-positive cocci; differentiates mannitol fermentation

48
New cards

MSA Pathogenic Result

Yellow agar or halo indicates S. aureus mannitol fermenter

49
New cards

Sheep Blood Agar

Tests hemolysin production (hemolysis types)

50
New cards

Alpha Hemolysis

Partial RBC destruction; green/brown zones

51
New cards

Beta Hemolysis

Complete RBC destruction; clear zones

52
New cards

Gamma Hemolysis

No RBC destruction

53
New cards

Catalase Test

Bubbles with H₂O₂ indicate catalase positive

54
New cards

Phenol Red Broth

Detects sugar fermentation via color/yellow and gas bubble

55
New cards

Casease

Enzyme that hydrolyzes casein; clearing in milk agar

56
New cards

Gelatinase

Enzyme liquefying nutrient gelatin

57
New cards

Amylase

Enzyme hydrolyzing starch; clear halo after iodine

58
New cards

Urease

Enzyme turning urea broth fuchsia

59
New cards

Independent Variable

Factor purposefully changed by experimenter

60
New cards

Dependent Variable

Measured response affected by independent variable

61
New cards

Control Variable

Conditions kept constant during experiment

62
New cards

Type O− Blood

No antigens; A & B antibodies; universal donor

63
New cards

Type AB+ Blood

A, B & Rh antigens; no antibodies; universal acceptor

64
New cards

Kirby-Bauer Test

Disk diffusion assay for antimicrobial susceptibility

65
New cards

Zone of Inhibition

Clear area around antibiotic disk where bacteria can’t grow

66
New cards

Resistant Classification

Little or no clearing around disk

67
New cards

Intermediate Classification

Moderate clearing around disk

68
New cards

Susceptible Classification

Large clearing indicating strong antibiotic effect

69
New cards

SIM Test

Assesses Sulfur reduction, Indole, and Motility

70
New cards

Sulfur Reduction Positive

Black precipitate in SIM medium

71
New cards

Motility Positive

Fuzzy growth radiating from stab line

72
New cards

Nitrate Reductase

Enzyme reducing nitrate to nitrite; red after reagents or non-color after zinc

73
New cards

Fungi

Eukaryotes absorbing nutrients; include molds & yeasts

74
New cards

Protista

Diverse unicellular eukaryotes like amoeba, paramecium, euglena

75
New cards

Mold – Macroscopic

Fuzzy, tall, often pigmented colonies

76
New cards

Mold – Microscopic

Filamentous hyphae with spores

77
New cards

Yeast – Microscopic

Unicellular, round, may show budding

78
New cards

Yeast – Macroscopic

Smooth, slightly raised colonies resembling bacteria

79
New cards

Amoeba

Protist with pseudopodia; amorphous; heterotrophic

80
New cards

Euglena

Flagellated protist; has eyespot; mixotrophic

81
New cards

Paramecium

Ciliated, slipper-shaped protist with oral groove; heterotrophic