Pollination and Fruit of Angiosperms

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27 Terms

1
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Pollination syndrome

suite of floral traits associated with attracting different pollinators

<p>suite of floral traits associated with attracting different pollinators</p>
2
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Functions of Fruit

protection, dispersal and nutrition to seeds

<p>protection, dispersal and nutrition to seeds</p>
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Simple fruit

develops from a single carpel (or 2+fused) of one flower

EX: tomato

<p>develops from a single carpel (or 2+fused) of one flower</p><p>EX: tomato</p>
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Aggregate fruit

derived from 1 flower that has separate carpels; each carpel develops into fruitlet

EX: blackberry

<p>derived from 1 flower that has separate carpels; each carpel develops into fruitlet</p><p>EX: blackberry</p>
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Multiple fruit

derived from multiple flowers in an inflorescence

EX: pineapple

<p>derived from multiple flowers in an inflorescence</p><p>EX: pineapple</p>
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Parthenocarpic

A fruit without seed

<p>A fruit without seed</p>
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Pericarp

tissue of fruits derived from ovary wall; made of exo, endo and mesocarps

<p>tissue of fruits derived from ovary wall; made of exo, endo and mesocarps</p>
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exocarp, mesocarp, endocarp

3 layers of pericarp

Exo=outer

Meso=middle

Endo=inner

<p>3 layers of pericarp</p><p>Exo=outer</p><p>Meso=middle</p><p>Endo=inner</p>
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Drupe

a fleshy fruit with thin skin and a central stone containing the 1 seed

EX: cherry, almond, olive

<p>a fleshy fruit with thin skin and a central stone containing the 1 seed</p><p>EX: cherry, almond, olive</p>
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Berry

1+ seeds, fleshy pericarp; has specialties of pepo, hesperidium, pome

<p>1+ seeds, fleshy pericarp; has specialties of pepo, hesperidium, pome</p>
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Pome

(specialized berry) fruit from receptacle of inferior ovary

EX: apples, pears

<p>(specialized berry) fruit from receptacle of inferior ovary</p><p>EX: apples, pears</p>
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Hesperidium

(specialized berry) having a thick leathery rind

EX: citrus

<p>(specialized berry) having a thick leathery rind</p><p>EX: citrus</p>
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Pepo

(specialized berry) thick, inseparable exocarp

EX: squash, cucumber

<p>(specialized berry) thick, inseparable exocarp</p><p>EX: squash, cucumber</p>
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Dehiscent Dry Fruits

split at maturity

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Follicle

(Dehiscent Dry Fruit) splits along 1 side, 1 carpel

EX: magnolia

<p>(Dehiscent Dry Fruit) splits along 1 side, 1 carpel</p><p>EX: magnolia</p>
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Legume

(Dehiscent Dry Fruit) splits along 2 sides, 1 carpel

EX: peas

<p>(Dehiscent Dry Fruit) splits along 2 sides, 1 carpel</p><p>EX: peas</p>
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Silique

(Dehiscent Dry Fruit) splits along 2 sides with central partition, 2 carpels

EX: broccoli

<p>(Dehiscent Dry Fruit) splits along 2 sides with central partition, 2 carpels</p><p>EX: broccoli</p>
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Capsule

(Dehiscent Dry Fruit) from compound carpel, split in varied ways

EX: iris, cotton

<p>(Dehiscent Dry Fruit) from compound carpel, split in varied ways</p><p>EX: iris, cotton</p>
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Indehiscent Fruits

don't split at maturity

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Achene

(Indehiscent Fruit) single seeded fruit from superior ovary

EX: sunflower

<p>(Indehiscent Fruit) single seeded fruit from superior ovary</p><p>EX: sunflower</p>
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Cypsela

(Indehiscent Fruit) single seeded from inferior ovary

EX: dandelion

<p>(Indehiscent Fruit) single seeded from inferior ovary</p><p>EX: dandelion</p>
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Nut

(Indehiscent Fruit) pericarp hard throughout

EX: acorn

<p>(Indehiscent Fruit) pericarp hard throughout</p><p>EX: acorn</p>
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Grain

(Indehiscent Fruit) pericarp inseparable from seed

EX: corn

<p>(Indehiscent Fruit) pericarp inseparable from seed</p><p>EX: corn</p>
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Samara

(Indehiscent Fruit) pericarp creates wings

EX: maple

<p>(Indehiscent Fruit) pericarp creates wings</p><p>EX: maple</p>
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Schizocarp

(Indehiscent Fruit) twin fruits

EX: dill

<p>(Indehiscent Fruit) twin fruits</p><p>EX: dill</p>
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Dry Aggregate fruits

1 flower, many pistils

EX: strawberry

<p>1 flower, many pistils</p><p>EX: strawberry</p>
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Dry multiple fruits

multiple flowers fuse to form one fruit

EX: sweetgum

<p>multiple flowers fuse to form one fruit</p><p>EX: sweetgum</p>