Practical 2 - Anatomy & Physiology II Lab

What is the opening indicated by the red arrow?

External nares

What is the space indicated by the red arrow?

Nasal vestibule

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Nasal septum

What is the space indicated by the red arrow?

Nasal cavity

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Superior nasal conchae/turbinate

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Middle nasal conchae/turbinate

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Inferior nasal conchae/turbinate

What is the groove indicated by the red arrow?

Superior nasal meatus

What is the groove indicated by the red arrow?

Middle nasal meatus

What is the groove indicated by the red arrow?

Inferior nasal meatus

What is the opening indicated by the red arrow?

Internal nares

What is the region indicated by the red arrow?

Pharynx

What is the region indicated by the red arrow?

Nasopharynx

What is the region indicated by the red arrow?

Oropharynx

What is the region indicated by the red arrow?

Laryngopharynx

What is the opening indicated by the red arrow?

Entrance to the auditory tubes

What is the region indicated by the red arrow?

Larynx

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Epiglottis

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Hyoid

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Thyroid cartilage

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Median thyrohyoid ligament

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Median cricothyroid ligament

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Corniculate cartilages

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Arytenoid cartilages

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Vestibular folds

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Vocal folds

What is the opening indicated by the red arrow?

Glottis

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Cricoid cartilage

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Trachea

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Tracheal cartilage

What is the region indicated by the red arrow?

Carina

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Primary bronchi

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Secondary bronchi

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Tertiary bronchi

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Bronchioles

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Terminal bronchioles

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Alveoli

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Trachealis

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Annular ligament of the trachea

What is the space indicated by the gray area with the red arrow?

Pleural cavities

What is the layer indicated by the teal area with the red arrow?

Parietal pleura

What is the layer indicated by the purple area with the red arrow?

Visceral pleura

What is the region indicated by the red arrow?

Apex of the lungs

What is the region indicated by the red arrow?

Base of lungs

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Hila of the lungs

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Diaphragm

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Superior lobe of the right lung

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Middle lobe of the right lung

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Inferior lobe of the right lung

What is the groove indicated by the red arrow?

Oblique fissure of the right lung

What is the groove indicated by the red arrow?

Horizontal fissure of the right lung

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Superior lobe of the left lung

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Lingula of the left lung

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Inferior lobe of the left lung

What is the groove indicated by the red arrow?

Oblique fissure of the left lung

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Cardiac notch of the left lung

What are the hormone(s) that are both produced and secreted in the Hypothalamus?

Regulatory hormones

What are the hormone(s) that are produced in the Hypothalamus?

• Antidiuretic hormone (aka vasopressin)

• Oxytocin

The Pituitary Gland (hypophysis) is divided into two sections. What are they called?

• Adenohypophysis (anterior side)

• HONORABLE MENTION: Pars Intermedia (middle)

• Neurohypophysis (posterior side)

What hormones are both produced and secreted in the Adenohypophysis? (THINK FLAGTØP)

• (F)- follicle stimulating hormone

• (L)- luteinizing hormone

• (A)- adrenocorticotropic hormone

• (G)- growth hormone

• (T)- thyroid stimulating hormone

• (Ø)

• (P)- prolactin

What hormone(s) are both produced and secreted in the Pars Intermedia?

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone

What hormone(s) are secreted in the Neurohypophysis?

• Antidiuretic hormone

• Oxytocin

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Hypothalamus

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Pituitary Gland (hypophysis)

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Adenohypophysis

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Pars Intermedia

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Neurohypophysis

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Pineal gland

What hormone(s) are both produced and secreted in the Pineal Gland?

Melatonin

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Thyroid Gland

What hormone(s) are both produced and secreted in the Thyroid Gland?

• Thyroxine

• Triiodothyronine

• Calcitonin

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Parathyroid Glands

What hormone(s) are both produced and secreted in the Parathyroid Gland?

Parathyroid Hormone

What is the structure pictured?

Pancreas

What hormone(s) are both produced and secreted in the Pancreas?

• Insulin

• Glucagon

What is the structure pictured?

Adrenal Gland

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Adrenal Cortex

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Adrenal Medulla

What hormone(s) are both produced and secreted in the Adrenal Cortex?

• Aldosterone

• Cortisol

What hormone(s) are both produced and secreted in the Adrenal Medulla?

• Epinephrine

• Norepinephrine

What does the function of Ingestion in the digestive system entail?

Entrance of materials from the mouth into the digestive tract

What does the function of Mechanical Processing in the digestive system entail?

Breaking down of materials physically by chewing or churning (AKA Mastication)

What does the function of Digestion in the digestive system entail?

Chemical breakdown of foods into fragments small enough for absorption

What does the function of Secretion in the digestive system entail?

Release of water, enzymes, acids, buffers, and salts into the digestive tract via digestive tract epithelium or glandular organs

What does the function of Absorption in the digestive system entail?

Passage of organic substrates, vitamins, electrolytes and water into the interstitial fluid of the digestive tract across digestive epithelium

What does the function of Excretion in the digestive system entail?

Elimination of wastes from the body fluids

What does the function of Mastication in the digestive system entail?

Chewing, the process which food is crushed and ground by the teeth

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Tongue

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Gingivae

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Teeth

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Hard palate

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Soft palate

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Uvula

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Parotid Salivary Glands

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Parotid Ducts

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Palatine Tonsils

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Sublingual Salivary Glands

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Submandibular Salivary Glands

What is the structure indicated by the red arrow?

Submandibular Duct

What is the region indicated by the red arrow?

Crown of the tooth