PATHOSTUDY 2

majority of water

brain health 90% water icf

high sodium level=

cell shrink bc water moves out

low sodium level=

cell will swell water goes in

electrolytes

substances that can conduct electricity when dissolved into water. important bc life sustaining funcs. impulse transmission, water movement, ph balance in blood

normal Na serum levels

135-145, sodium, cation, extra

normal k serum levels

3.5-5, cation, potassium, intra

normal Ca serum levels

8.5-10.5, cation, extra

pH

potential of hydrogen.measurement of acidity (alkanity of solution quantifies H+ concentration)

normal range serum pH

7.36-7.45. 7.4

kidney renal maintain pH balance

selctively reabsorbing or secreting bicarb and H urine. low pH in blood: rebsorb bicarb while eliminate H. dec H= inc pH. if inc pH in blood, above 7.45. esxcretebicarb and reabsorb H. inc H =dec pH

repiratory system balancing pH

controlling CO2 levels in blood if v active inc CO2 in blood, bod inc RR=dec CO2=decH=incpH. if resting not producing lot of CO2 = decH andinc pH. body dec RR to allow inc CO2 =inc H=decpH.

acidosis

fatigue, confusion, organ disfunction. serum pH below 7.35

alkalosis

muscle spasms and tongling, resp issues. serum pH above 7.45

pepsin

stomach enzyme. pH level 2 helps digest protein

enzymes in small intestine

only work pH 7-8