[INTRODUCTION] Extravascular Routes of Administration - Others

Proverbs 16:3

● Inhalational

● Intranasal

● Ocular

● Urethral

● Vaginal

● Transdermal

Extravascular routes (OTHERS) include _____ [6]

Inhalational

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

This route provides RAPID absorption due to LARGE SURFACE AREA.

TRUE

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

Inhalational route avoids first-pass metabolism.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE

TRUE

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

Inhalational route is useful for BOTH local and systemic effects.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE

Inhalational

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

This route is TECHNIQUE-DEPENDENT.

● Salbutamol

● Anesthetic gases

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

Examples of drugs administered INHALATIONALLY [2]

TRUE

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

Intranasal route provides RAPID onset of action.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE

TRUE

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

Intranasal route bypasses first-pass metabolism.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE

Intranasal

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

This route has a LIMITED dose volume.

Intranasal

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

This route causes possible NASAL IRRITATION.

● Desmopressin

● Naloxone

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

Examples of drugs administered INTRANASALLY [2]

Desmopressin

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

This is an analogue of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) used intranasally in patients with overactive bladder.

Ocular/Ophthalmic

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

This route MAINLY produces LOCAL effect.

Ocular/Ophthalmic

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

This route provides MINIMAL systemic absorption.

Ocular/Ophthalmic

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

This route requires STERILITY.

Ocular/Ophthalmic

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

This route requires FREQUENT DOSING.

● Timolol

● Tobramycin (Tobradex)

● Antibiotics

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

Examples of drugs administered on the EYE (OCULAR/OPHTHALMIC) [3]

TRUE

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

Vaginal route produces BOTH local or systemic effect.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE

TRUE

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

Vaginal route bypasses first-pass metabolism.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE

TRUE

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

Vaginal route provides VARIABLE absorption.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE

Vaginal

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

This route is useful for HORMONAL THERAPY.

● Clotrimazole

● Estrogen creams

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

Examples of drugs administered VAGINALLY [2]

Polyethylene glycol

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

The most common base used in vaginal suppositories is ______ ?

cocoa butter (theobroma oil)

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

The most common base used in rectal suppositories is ______?

Soak the suppository in water to avoid irritation

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

What should a patient do before inserting a vaginal suppository?

TRUE

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

Urethral route provides LOCAL action only.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE

Urethral

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

This route is RARELY used due to LIMITED patient acceptability.

Alprostadil (erectile dysfunction)

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

Examples of drug administered in the URETHRALLY

Transdermal

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

This route provides a SUSTAINED release of drugs.

TRUE

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

Transdermal route bypasses first-pass metabolism.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE

TRUE

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

Transdermal route requires POTENT and LIPOPHILIC drugs.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE

TRUE

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

The transdermal route may cause skin irritation.
A) TRUE
B) FALSE

● Fentanyl

● Nicotine

● Scopolamine

● Nitroglycerin

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

Examples of drugs administered TRANDERMALLY [4]

behind the ear

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

Scopolamine patch is placed behind the ____.

Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE 5) inhibitors

• Sildenafil (Viagra)

• Tadalafil

• Vardenafil

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

These drugs should be avoided when applying a nitroglycerin patch.

Sildenafil (Viagra)

Tadalafil

Vardenafil

[EXTRAVASCULAR ROUTE - OTHERS]

Examples of Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE 5) inhibitors drugs [3]