Earth Science for ELE teachers Final

Adding exam questions to these flashcards

The Earth is thought to have formed approximately:

4.54 Billion Years ago

Planetary differentiation refers to:

Separation of the earth into compositional layers

During differentiation, the densest materials migrated towards:

Core

Iron and nickel are concentrated mainly in the:

Core

Differentiation requires earth to be

Molten

The thickest layer of the Earth is the

Mantle.

The outer core is

liquid metal

Earths magnetic field is generated by

Flow of liquid iron in the outer core

The asthenosphere is best described as

Solid but capable to slow flow

Pangea was

A supercontinent

New oceanic crust forms at

mid-oceanic ridges

Divergent boundaries are characterized by

Crustal creation

Convergent boundaries commonly produce

Mid-oceanic ridges

Transform boundaries are associated with

Earthquake but no volcanism

Oceanic continental convergence results in

Volcanic arches on continents

lithospheric plates move over the

Asthenosphere

the asthenosphere differs from the lithosphere because it is

Capable of slow, docile flow

subduction occurs because oceanic lithosphere is

Denser than continental lithosphere

continental-continental convergence is most likely to form

Volcanic island arches

which feature is diagnostic of a abduction zone

Deep sea trench

slab pull refers to

Gravity acting on subducting slab

rift valleys on continents represent

Early stages of formation of spreading center

seafloor spreading explain explains why oceanic crust

Gets older away from the ridges

the youngest oceanic cross is found

At mid ocean ridges

why does continental cross resistance subduction?

Because it is less dense

differentiation occurred after the Earth completely cooled

False

the core is composed mainly of iron and nickel

True

the core is liquid

True

the lithosphere floats on the asthenosphere

True

the Atlantic ocean is shrinking today

false

earthquakes commonly occur along plate boundaries

True

passive margins are tectonically active

false

The asthenosphere is completely molten

False

plate motion is measured in centimeters per year

True

the oldest rocks on earth are oceanic crust

Oceanic crust is Mafic compared to continental crust

True

felsic rocks are less dense than mafic ones

true

mafic rocks have more iron content than felsic ones

True

as a rule felsic rocks are found under the oceans

False

as a rule mafic rocks are likely older than felsic ones

False

A mineral must be

Naturally occurring

A mineral must have

crystalline structure

A mineral must have

Define chemical composition

Isotopes differ in number of

Neutrons

The nucleus of an atom contains

protons and neutrons

Igneous rocks form by

crystallization of molten material

The three main rock types are:

Igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary

Sedimentary rocks form primarily from:

weathering, transport, deposition, and lithification