CPhT Final Exam Study Guide💊🩺

YAYYY I MADE IT

pharmacist

person who dispenses drugs and counsels patients on medications

legend drug

drug that requires a prescription for dispensing

professionalism

conforming to the right principles of conduct (work ethics) as accepted by others in the profession

Form 222

needed to order a controlled substance

Form 224

needed by the pharmacy to dispense controlled substances

1951 Durham-Humphrey Amendment

auxiliary label of: “Caution: Federal law prohibits dispensing without a prescription.”

1936 Food, Drug, & Cosmetic Act

all addictive substances were required to be labeled “Warning: May be habit forming.”

1990 Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA ‘90)

congressional act that changed reimbursement limits and mandated drug use evaluation, pharmacy-patient consultation, and educational outreach programs.

1996 HIPAA

federal act that protects patients’ rights, establishes national standards for electronic healthcare communication, and ensures the security and privacy of health data.

ethics

the values and morals used within a profession

confidentiality

the practice of keeping privileged customer information from being disclosed without the customer’s consent

half-life

the time required for a chemical to be decreased by half.

antiemetic

a drug that prevents or treats nausea and vomiting

synthetic drug

a drug made chemically in a lab

prophylaxis

treatment or measure to prevent disease

aseptic technique

making something as sterile as possible

Reye’s Syndrome

a life-threatening metabolic disorder in young children of uncertain cause; aspirin use may precipitate the syndrome

nosocomial infection

an infection that originates in the hospital or institutional setting

hyperalimentation

parenteral (IV) nutrition for patients who are unable to eat solids or liquids; aka TPN

Drug Facts & Comparison Book

a reference book found in pharmacies that contains detailed information on medications

Red Book

reference book for pricing

compounding

the act of mixing, reconstituting, and packaging a drug

unit dose

individualized packaged doses used in institutional practice settings

reconstitution

when you have a powder and add water

blister packs/bubble packs

a preformed card with 28-, 30-, and 31- day depressions that can hold medication

ad

right ear

prn

as needed

ac

before meals

qod

every other day

pc

after meals

bid

2x a day

ec

enteric coated

APAP

Tylenol/acetaminophen

po

by mouth

tid

3x a day

qid

4x a day

ASHP

American Society of Health-System Pharmacists

DEA

Drug Enforcement Administration

ISMP

Institute for Safe Medication Practices

What is a formulary? For retail and hospitals.

a list of approved drugs to be stocked and insured by the pharmacy

What does the Board of Pharmacy (BOP) do?

state board that regulates the practice of pharmacy within the state

What are STAT doses & when are they delivered?

a med order that must be filled immediately (10-15 min)

What are the 5 rights of medication safety?

1. right patient

2. right medication

3. right dosage

4. right route of administration

5. right time

What is a medication error?

any preventable event that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm.

Patient counseling is done by who? What exactly is patient counseling?

It is done by the pharmacist, patients can ask any questions regarding their medication

What is adjudication?

the process by which a prescription is submitted electronically to a third party payer to obtain reimbursement for the pharmacy for the medication dispensed.

What are auxiliary labels?

a label that provides supplementary information about proper and safe administration, use, or storage of a med.

What is an NDC? Explain what each of the sections represents & how many numbers are in each section.

a 10/11 digit number assigned to each medication listed with the FDA.

labeler code: 4 digits, identifies the manufacturer of the drug

product code: 4 digits, identifies the specific drug, strength and dosage form

package code: 2 digits, identifies the specific package size and type

NDC labeler code?

4 digits, identifies the manufacturer of the drug

NDC product code?

4 digits, identifies the specific drug, strength and dosage form

NDC package code?

2 digits, identifies the specific package size and type

Compare otic vs. ophthalmic.

otic is ear, ophthalmic is eye. you can use eye drops in the ear because they are sterile but not vice-versa.

What are shingles & chickenpox? What is the treatment and who gets them?

Chickenpox is a contagious disease found in young children, symptoms include skin blisters, fevers, itchy rashes. Shingles is caused by Chickenpox later in life, treated with Valtrex/valacyclovir.

When refilling prescriptions, what is the limit of refills on a CII? CII-CV?

C-II cannot be refilled. CIII and C-IV may be refilled only up to 5x or within 6 months after the date the prescription was written. C-V can be refilled as often as prescribed on the prescription.

What auxiliary label should ALWAYS be on antibiotics? Viagra?

For Viagra, you cannot combine it with nitrates. For antibiotics, “Take all until finished.”

What is vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) and vitamin C (ascorbic acid) used for?

vitamin B12 is for energy, vitamin C is for absorption and immune system benefits

example for anti-inflammatory drugs:

Motrin/Advil (ibuprofen), Aleve (naproxen), aspirin

example for proton pump inhibitors?

Prilosec (omeprazole), Prevacid (lansoprazole), Protonix (pantoprazole)

example for SSRIs?

Prozac (fluoxetine), Zoloft (sertraline)

example of a CII?

oxycodone/APAP, methadone, morphine

example of a CIII?

testosterone, acetaminophen/codeine #2, #3, #4

example of a C-IV?

Valium, Ativan

example of a C-V?

codeine/guaifenesin

indication for Colace:

anti-constipation

indication for Haldol:

antipsychotic

indication for Reglan & Phenergan:

antiemetic, nausea/vomitting

indication for Xanax:

anti-anxiety

indication for Lomotil:

anti-diarrheal

indication for Ambien:

hypnotic

indication for Prilosec & Nexium:

GERD, PPI

indication for Celexa:

SSRI

indication for Tagamet:

GERD, H² antagonist

indication for Congentin:

anticholinergic

generic for Aldactone:

spironlactone

generic for Altace:

ramipril

generic for Amaryl:

glimepiride

generic for Benadryl:

diphenhydramine

generic for Cefzil:

cefprozil

generic for Celebrex:

celecoxib

generic for Compazine:

prochlorperazine

generic for Diamox:

acetazolamide

generic for Diovan:

valsartan

generic for Dulcolax:

bisacodyl

generic for Flagyl:

metronidazole

generic for Flomax:

tamsulosin

generic for Florinef:

fludrocortisone

generic for Fosamax:

alendronate

generic for Glucophage:

metformin

generic for Glucotrol:

glipizide

generic for Glucovance:

glyburide/metformin

generic for Keflex:

cephalexin

generic for Lasix:

furosemide

generic for Macrodantin:

nitrofurantoin

generic for Medrol:

methylprednisolone

generic for Micronase:

glyburide

generic for Naprosyn/Aleve/Anaprox:

naproxen

generic for Nitrostat:

nitroglycerin

generic for Norvasc:

amlodipine

generic for Premarin:

conjugated estrogens

generic for Prevacid:

lansoprazole