history quiz ch 22-23

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22 Terms

1

The Great Depression

An economic downturn that began after the stock market crash in 1929, leading to widespread unemployment, poverty, and instability.

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2

Stock Market Crash of 1929

A major drop in stock prices that occurred on October 29, 1929, known as Black Tuesday, leading to the onset of the Great Depression.

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3

Hawley-Smoot Tariff

A tariff enacted in 1930 that raised duties on imports, intended to protect American industries but resulted in retaliatory tariffs and further decline in international trade.

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4

Hoovervilles

Shantytowns built by homeless people during the Great Depression, named after President Herbert Hoover, who was blamed for the economic downturn.

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5

Dust Bowl

A devastating drought in the 1930s that severely affected agriculture in the Great Plains, leading to massive displacement of farmers.

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6

Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA)

A 1933 act that provided direct relief for the unemployed and created jobs through work projects.

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7

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

A New Deal program that provided jobs for young men in environmental conservation projects.

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8

Wagner Act (National Labor Relations Act)

A 1935 law that protected the rights of workers to organize and bargain collectively.

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9

Social Security Act

A 1935 law that created a system of old-age benefits and unemployment insurance for workers.

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10

Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC)

A government agency created in 1932 to provide financial support to banks, railroads, and businesses during the Great Depression.

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11

National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)

A 1933 law aimed at stimulating economic recovery through the regulation of industries and fair labor standards.

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12

Emergency Banking Act

Legislation passed in 1933 that allowed the federal government to inspect the financial health of banks before they reopened.

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13

Bonus Army

A group of World War I veterans who marched to Washington D.C. in 1932 to demand immediate payment of a bonus they were owed.

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14

The New Deal

A series of programs and reforms enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to combat the Great Depression and provide relief, recovery, and reform to the economy.

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15

Deflation

A decrease in the general price level of goods and services, which contributed to the economic crisis during the Great Depression.

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16

Works Progress Administration (WPA)

A New Deal agency that provided millions of jobs through public works projects, including construction and arts programs.

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17

Glass-Steagall Banking Reform Act

A 1933 law that established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and implemented banking reforms to protect depositors.

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18

Truth in Securities Act

A 1933 law requiring companies to provide accurate information about their financial status to protect investors.

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19

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

A regulatory agency created in 1934 to oversee the stock market and enforce laws against market manipulation.

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20

Second New Deal

A continuation of President Roosevelt's New Deal programs launched in 1935 to further combat the Great Depression.

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21

Supreme Court's opposition to the New Deal

A series of rulings where the conservative majority of the Supreme Court struck down several New Deal programs as unconstitutional.

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22

Second Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938

Follow-up legislation that continued to provide payments to farmers who followed acreage restrictions for certain crops.

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