Female Reproductive System

What is the perineum?

Between the thighs from pubis to coccyx

What is the vulva?

External female genitalia

Which of the following is NOT part of the vulva?

Uterus

What does minora mean?

Smaller

What does majora mean?

Larger

What does mons pubis mean?

Mountain of the pubic bone

What does the vagina connect?

Uterus to vulva

Which is NOT a function of the vagina?

Produce eggs

Is the vagina part of external genitalia?

No

Where is the urethra located relative to the vagina?

Embedded in anterior wall

The female reproductive tract includes all EXCEPT

Prostate

What is the function of the ovaries?

Produce eggs and secrete hormones

What shape are ovaries?

Almond-shaped

Fertilization typically occurs in the:

Uterine tube

What is the uterus?

Thick-walled muscular organ

Where is the uterus located?

Pelvic cavity

What does fornix mean?

Vault (arched space around cervix)

What does vagina mean (Latin)?

Sheath

What is the fundus?

Upper rounded part of uterus

What is an ovum?

Egg cell

What is the adjective form of cervix?

Cervical

What is the adjective form of ovary?

Ovarian

What is the adjective form of vagina?

Vaginal

What is the adjective form of uterus?

Uterine

What does estrogen do?

Puberty and menstrual regulation

What does progesterone do?

Prepare uterus for implantation

Where is progesterone produced?

Corpus luteum

What are menses/menstruation?

Monthly uterine bleeding

What does menstruate mean?

To have a menstrual period

What does menstrual mean?

Pertaining to menstruation

What is an ovary?

Female gonad

What is an ovum?

Single egg

What are ova?

Multiple eggs

What is ovulation?

Release of egg

What is menarche?

First menstrual period

What is pubarche?

Onset of pubic/axillary hair

What is thelarche?

Breast development begins

What does involute mean?

Shrink or decrease in size

What is a follicle?

Structure containing developing egg

What is the corpus luteum?

Yellow structure after ovulation

What is the main function of the female reproductive system?

Produce eggs

What hormones regulate the female reproductive system?

Estrogen and progesterone

What causes bacterial vaginosis?

Bacterial imbalance in the vagina

What is a key symptom of bacterial vaginosis?

Fish-like odor

Toxic shock syndrome is caused by toxins from what?

Bacterial overgrowth (Staphylococcus aureus)

Which is a major risk factor for TSS?

Super-absorbent tampons

Why is TSS dangerous?

It can lead to systemic shock and is life-threatening

Vulvovaginal candidiasis is also known as what?

Yeast infection

Yeast infections are commonly caused by what?

Fungus (Candida)

A common sign of a yeast infection is?

Cottage cheese-like discharge

Vulvodynia is defined as?

Chronic vulvar pain

PCOS results in what happening to ovulation?

No ovulation occurs

Why are menstrual cycles irregular in PCOS?

Lack of progesterone production

Amenorrhea means?

Absence of menstruation

Primary amenorrhea is defined as?

No menstruation by age 16

Secondary amenorrhea is defined as?

Missing three or more cycles after previously normal menstruation

A common cause of secondary amenorrhea is?

PCOS or hormonal imbalance

Dysmenorrhea refers to?

Painful menstruation

Secondary dysmenorrhea is usually caused by?

An underlying disorder such as endometriosis

The suffix -itis means?

Inflammation

The suffix -osis means?

Condition

Salpingitis is inflammation of what?

Fallopian (uterine) tubes

Endometriosis occurs when tissue grows where?

Outside the uterus

A major complication of salpingitis is?

Infertility

Uterine prolapse means?

The uterus slips downward from its normal position

Fibroids are what type of tumors?

Benign tumors

Fibroids grow in which layer?

Myometrium (muscle layer of uterus)

Abnormal uterine bleeding can be caused by?

Fibroids

Endometrial cancer commonly presents with?

Vaginal bleeding after menopause

Cervical cancer is detected using?

Pap smear

Infertility is defined as failure to conceive after how long?

One year of unprotected intercourse

A cause of infertility includes?

Tubal scarring or ovulation problems

Which test evaluates fallopian tubes using dye?

Hysterosalpingogram

Dysplasia means?

Abnormal tissue formation

The prefix dys- means?

Painful or difficult

Barrier contraception includes?

Condoms or diaphragms

Hormonal contraception works by?

Preventing ovulation

An IUD is placed in the?

Uterus

Coitus means?

Sexual intercourse

Postcoital means?

After sexual intercourse