sensory 2 lab clinicals

Glaucoma definition

Eye diseases that make pressure build up inside the eye which causes damage to critical parts of the back of the eye (optic nerve)

Glaucoma mechanism

Damaged optic nerve that transports visual information from the eye to the brain

Glaucoma symptoms

Eye pain or pressure, headaches, red or bloodshot eyes, double vision, blurred vision, blind spots

Glaucoma risk factors

40+ age, African descent, women, family history, chronic high blood pressure and diabetes, myopia/hyperopia

Glaucoma treatments

Meds that lower pressure in eye and surgeries (laser, tube shunts)

Keratoconus definition

Normally round cornea is bulged outwards into a cone shape

Keratoconus mechanism

Cornea gets thinner and bulges out which causes blurred vision and sensitivity to light and glare ( vision is less clear bc light cannot be refracted accurately by the bulged cornea)

Keratoconus symptoms

Generally affects both eyes, double vision, seeing halos of bright light, sensitive to light, vision becoming distorted (straight lines look curved)

Keratoconus treatment

Glasses, contacts, cornea transplant, implantable ring segments, corneal crosslinking (strengthen bonds bw corneas collagen fibers)

kertaconus risk factors

Family history, rubbing eyes hard, Down syndrome, asthma, hay fever

Macular degeneration definition

Disease in eye that affects central vision, can’t see what’s directly in front of them

Macular degeneration Mechanism

Dry: protein deposits form under macula (thins it out)

Wet: blood vessels under retina and macula leak and cause fluid build up (10%)

Macular degeneration Symptoms

Unable to see in low light, blurred vision, changes in way you see colors, low vision, straight lines appear curved, blank/dark spots in vision

Macular degeneration Risk factors

Diabetes, head injuries, infections, diet lacking nutrients

Macular degeneration Treatments

No cure: meds, supplements, therapies

Retinitis pigmentosa definition

affects peripheral vision-photoreceptors caused by genetic mutations, causes rod and cone death

Retinitis pigmentosa Mechanism

make retina stop working, converts light into electrical signals so brain can read images bc rods and cones dead…if not working brain can’t read even if your eye works well, just back is damaged to interpret it

Retinitis pigmentosa Symptoms

Tunnel vision, light blindness, blind spots on edge of vision, trouble reading or doing close work, detecting faces and detecting diff colors

Retinitis pigmentosa Risk factors

Genetic mutation, inheritance

Retinitis pigmentosa Treatments

Gene therapy, vitamin A, prosthesis (retinal implant), vision aids, occupational therapy