chemistry cation tests

ammonium in NaOH

ammonia produced if warm

calcium in NaOH

white precipitate

calcium in excess NaOH

insoluble white precipitate

calcium in ammonia solution

vary faintly visible white precipitate

copper in NaOH

light blue precipitate

copper in excess NaOH

insoluble light blue precipitate

copper in ammonia solution

light-blue precipitate

copper in excess ammonia solution

dark blue solution

iron(II) in NaOH

green precipitate

iron(II) in excess NaOH

insoluble green precipitate

iron(II) in ammonia solution

green precipitate

iron(II) in excess ammonia solution

insoluble green precipitate

iron(III) in NaOH

red-brown precipitate

iron(III) in excess NaOH

insoluble red-brown precipitate

iron(III) in ammonia solution

red-brown precipitate

iron(III) in excess ammonia solution

insoluble red-brown precipitate

zinc in NaOH

white precipitate

zinc in excess NaOH

colourless solution

zinc in ammonia solution

white precipitate

zinc in excess ammonia solution

colourless solution