Nutrition and Diet Therapy, Nutrition and diet therapy

Enumerate the Basic Functions of Nutrition

to maintain life by allowing to grow in a state of optimum health

1. the recognition of the role nutrition in preventing diseases/illnesses

2. the concern of adapting the food pattern of individuals in their nutritional need within the framework of their cultural, economic and psychological situation and style

3. the awareness of the need in specified diseases to modify nutritional factors for therapeutic purposes

The study of food relation to the health of an individual, society and community

nutrition

the process by which food is used to sustain life and growth

nutrition

any substances, organic or inorganic, when ingested or eaten nourishes the body by building or repairing tissues.

food

true or false

Food sustains life, second to oxygen

true

chemical component needed by the body by building one or more of these

nutrient

are organic catalysts that are protein in nature

enzymes

what type of cells produce enzymes

living cells

are organic substances by special cells of the body which are discharged into the blood and circulated or brought into specific organs or tissues that are remote from the source or point of manufacture

hormones

nutritional status is aka __________

nutriture

the condition of the body resulting from utilization of essential nutrients

nutritional status or nutriture

refers to a food or drink regularly consumed according to a regimen of time and amount

diets

a particular selection of food, usually prescribed to cure a disease or to gain or lose weight

diet

a branch of dietetics that are concerned with the use of food for therapeutic purposes

diet therapy

a translator of nutritional principles for any individual or group in health or illness

dietitian

integration or application of scientific principles of food, nutrition, biochemistry, physiology, management and behavioral and social sciences to maintain achieve good health and acceptable.

dietetics

provides all the essential nutrients and calories needed to maintain good health and acceptable body weight

adequate diet

unit of energy often used with the term kcalorie

calorie (cal)

belief, arts and custom that make up a way of life of a group of people

culture

capacity to do work

energy

refers to calories, that is "fuel" provided by certain nutrients (carbohydrate, fat, proteins)

energy

the intake of a balanced diet containing all the essential nutrients to meet the body's requirement for energy, maintenance and growth

Good Nutritional Status

common usage indicating the release of energy from food

calorie

unit of in a metric system

Gram (g)

1 g = ? ounce

0.036 oz.

1 oz. = ? g

28.385 or 30 g

a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being; not merely the absence of disease and infirmity

health

abbreviation for Kilocalorie

Kcal, Kcalorie

technically the correct term for unit of energy in nutrition, equal to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water 1C

Kilocalorie, Kcal, Kcalorie

state of impaired health due to undernutrition, overnutrition, an imbalance of nutrients, or the inability to utilize the nutrients ingested

Malnutrition

unit of weight in the metric system equal to 1/1000000 of a gram

microgram

unit of weight in the metric system equal to 1/1000 of a gram

milligram

to watch over or observe something for a period of time

monitor

the state of receiving or utilizing essential nutrients to maintain health and well-being at the highest possible level

optimum nutrition

It provides a reserve for the body

optimum nutrition

is an excessive intake of one or more nutrients; frequently referring to nutrients

Overnutrition

the inadequate intake of nutrients to meet the body's requirement for energy, maintenance and growth

Poor Nutritional Status

deficiency of one or more nutrients including nutrients providing energy (calories)

Undernutrition

the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into smaller components

digestion

a process wherein the nutrients from food are absorbed by the body into the bloodstream

absorption

is a chemical process transforming food into other substances needed to sustain life

metabolism

undigested portions of food and waste products are removed from the body

elimination

Enumerate the Nutrition Concepts (kaya mo ean bhie)

1. adequate nutrition is essential to good health

2. nutrients in our body is in dynamic equilibrium

3. dietary intake and nutrient need should be individual

4. human requirements for nutrients are known for others and have to be determined as yet for others

5. adequate diet is the foundation of good nutrition and it should consist of a wide variety of food

6. the physiologic functions of food are attributed to the roles of the nutrients

7. malnutrition is brought about by a faulty diet and or/by conditioning factors

8. nutrition education, abundant food supply and various resources are needed to improve the nutritional status of a population

9. the study of nutrition is interrelated with allied art and sciences, chemistry; food science and technology, nursing and medical fields, behavioral sciences, chemistry, biology

Enumerate the Ideal Food Qualities (go bhieee!)

1. it is safe to eat - it is prepared under sanitary conditions, aesthetically and scientifically

2. it is nourishing or nutritious

3. its palatability factors (color, aroma, texture) to satisfy customers

4. it has satiety value

5. it offers wide variety and planned socioeconomic context. Within the budget and suitable to the lifestyle of the person, including cultural, religious practices and aspect.

6. it is free from toxic agents and does not contain substances that are deemed deleterious to health

what are the classifications of nutrients

nutrients according to function

nutrients according to chemical nature

nutrients according to essentiality

nutrients according to concentration

what are the 3 general functions of nutrients

to provide heat and energy

to build and repair body tissues and structures

to regulate metabolic processes that maintain homeostasis

nutrients that provide heat and energy

carbohydrate, lipids, protein, vitamins, minerals

nutrients that help build and repair body tissues and structures

proteins, lipids, minerals, water

nutrients that help regulate metabolic processes that maintain homeastasis

proteins, lipids, minerals, water, vitamins

2 chemical nature of nutrient

organic, inorganic

are those carbon-containing compound with the exemption of carbonate and cyanide

organic nutrients

what are the organic nutrients

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins

what are the inorganic nutrients

minerals, water

what is said about nutrients according to essentiality

What are the 2 nutrients according to concentration

macronutrients, micronutrients

are present in relatively large amount in the body

macronutrients

what are the macronutrients

carbohydrate, fat, protein, water

are measured in milligrams and function

micronutrients

what are the micronutrients

vitamins, trace minerals

without adequate ________ and ________ in the __________ and ______ at the __________, nutrients cannot be used for their intended biologic functions

digestion and absorption in the intestinal tract and metabolism at the cellular level

carbohydrate ------ ?-------?

amylase

sucrase-isomaltase

maltase

lactase

Glucose

Proteins ------?-------?

pepsin

protease-trypsin

peptidase

amino acids

Fats----?-----?

lipase

Fatty Acids and Glycerol

Chemical Digestion

Mechanical Digestion

2 types of digestive action

chemical digestion

altering effect of your digestive secretions, gastric juices and enzymes

mechanical digestion

crashing and twisting effects of teeth and peristalsis

gastrointestinal tract

chain of hollow organs

.....

4 general functions of Digestive System

portal blood

where blood glucose come from

microvilli

absorbing structures

5

how many hours it takes for chime to leave small intestine

pancreas

liver

gallblader

3 organs of small intestine/gi tract

cecum

blind-pocket

cecum, colon, rectum

organs of large intestine

gallbladder

reservoir, pear-shaped

8 inches

chamber of rectum size

sphincter

muscles of the rectum

Macronutrients

large molecule groupings that are needed by the body

CHOs

lipids

Proteins

macronutrients consists of

Protein and CHO 4Kcal/gram

Lipids 9Kcal/gram

Atwater's Physiological factors (Kcal per gram)

Atwater's Physiological factors (Kcal per gram)

Protein and CHO 4Kcal/gram

Lipids 9Kcal/gram

Chronic renal Failure

Low Na

Low K

Low CHON

Osteurized feeding to prevent aspiration

Low Na

Low Cholesterol

High Fiber

Cardiovascular accident (stroke)

Low CHON

Low Na

Acute Glumerulonephritis

Low CHON

Low Na

High CHO

Acute Renal failure

High Na

Low K

Addison's disease

Low cholesterol

Low Na

Congestive Heart failure

High K

Low sodium

Cushing's syndrome

High CHON

High Vit.C

High CHON

High Vit.C

Dengue fever

no dark colored food

Diverticulitis

Low fiber

Dumping syndrome

High CHON

High Fats

High glucose

dried food

Hepatic encephalopathy

Low CHON

High Calorie

Hirchsprung's disease

Low residue

High calorie

high Protein

Hyperthyroidism

High protein

High Calorie

hyperparathyroidism

low calcium

liver cirrhosis

low CHON

nephrotic syndrome

Low Na

high protein

high calorie

obese

Low calorie

pernicous anemia

Vit. B12

High CHON