American Government CH16

Equality of opportunity

same chance to succeed

equality of outcome

redistribution to achieve economic and social equality

invidious discrimination

discrimination that is harmful to a person or group

benign discrimination 

grounded in reason

systemic racism

the system still discriminates even if it don’t intend to

13th amendment

outlaws slavery

15th amendment

all races can vote

14th amendment

equal protection under the law, no deprivation of life

black codes

acts passed to restrict freedoms of blacks in the old slave states (literacy tests, grandfather test, taxing)

plessy vs. Ferguson

separate but equal is fine

brown vs. board education

school segregation is unconstitutional

2 types of segregation

de jure: government or imposed

de fact: how it is

Civil Rights movement

the mass mobilizing seeking to gain equality of rights and opportunities

civil disobedience

the willful but nonviolent breach of unjust laws (bus boycotts)

Washington DC considered itself a: 

southern city 

in 1963, 250,000 Americans traveled to ________ for the _____ __ ____________

Washington DC, March on Washington

Malcom X

Extremist black activist; opposite of the KKK

protectionism

women must be protected from life’s harsh realities (don’t worry about all that voting stuff) 

Brown. vs. Board 2

states weren’t obeying, required states MUST obey the surpmre court law

demure degregation

laws set by the government to segregate areas

de facto segregation

the fact: some areas of Atlanta are naturally inhabited by different races

Regents of U.C. vs. Bakke

he had good scores and saw others with better grades get in, he was upset (he was a white male; reverse discrimination)