Chemistry: Measurements and Calculations

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Chemistry

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18 Terms

1
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what is an observation?
how we look at things in science
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qualitative
describes the qualities of something (taste, color, sound)
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quantitative
observations that are quantified (they have numbers, always measurements)
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hypothesis
a possible explanation for an observation
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law
a summary of repeatable observed behavior
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theory
set of tested hypotheses that gives an overall explanation
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mass
the amount of matter
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length
the distance between 2 points
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volume
the amount of 3D space something takes up
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dimentional analysis
process of converting between units
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conversion factor
a ratio made from 2 equivalent units
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accuracy
closeness to actual value
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precision
closeness that measurements are to eachother
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significant digits
all the digits known with certainty, with one uncertain digit
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1st rule for sig figs
any non-zero digits are ALWAYS significant
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BEGINNING rule for 0’s
never significant (0.0001)
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BETWEEN rule for 0’s
always significant (101)
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END rule for 0’s
significant ONLY if the number contains a decimal point (100 vs. 100.)