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Chemistry: Measurements and Calculations
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18 Terms
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1
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what is an observation?
how we look at things in science
2
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qualitative
describes the qualities of something (taste, color, sound)
3
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quantitative
observations that are quantified (they have numbers, always measurements)
4
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hypothesis
a possible explanation for an observation
5
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law
a summary of repeatable observed behavior
6
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theory
set of tested hypotheses that gives an overall explanation
7
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mass
the amount of matter
8
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length
the distance between 2 points
9
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volume
the amount of 3D space something takes up
10
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dimentional analysis
process of converting between units
11
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conversion factor
a ratio made from 2 equivalent units
12
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accuracy
closeness to actual value
13
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precision
closeness that measurements are to eachother
14
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significant digits
all the digits known with certainty, with one uncertain digit
15
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1st rule for sig figs
any non-zero digits are ALWAYS significant
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BEGINNING rule for 0’s
never significant (0.0001)
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BETWEEN rule for 0’s
always significant (101)
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END rule for 0’s
significant ONLY if the number contains a decimal point (100 vs. 100.)