Schizophrenia

Eugen Bleuler

________- defined schizophrenia as a group of diseases rather than just one disorder.

Catatonia

________- a disorder that disrupts a person's awareness of the world around them.

Positive symptoms

________- hallucinations (sensations that aren't real), delusions (beliefs that can't be real), and repetitive movements that are hard to control.

Psychosis

________- when people lose some contact with reality.

Prevelance rate

________ in the US is approximately .3- .7 % of the population with childhood onset even more rare.

Tardive Dyskinesia

________- a condition where your face, body or both make sudden, irregular movements which you can not control.

immediate expression

Affect- the ________ of emotion, and can be used to objectively assess a patient's mood.

Brief

________ psychotic disorder- the presence of one or more psychotic symptoms with a sudden onset and full remission within one month.

speech

Disorganized ________ occurs in many disorders with childhood onset.

Emil Kraepelin

________ (late 1850s)- identified manic depression and dementia praecox, later termed schizophrenia, as distinct forms of psychosis.

Alogia

________- diminished speech output.

Abolition

________- decrease in purposeful self- initiated activities.

Anhedonia

________- decreased ability to enjoy positive stimuli.

Delusions

________- fixed beliefs that are not amenable to change in light of conflicting evidence.

Therapy

________- Individual and family, day treatment.

single gene

Genetic- tends to run in families, but no ________ is thought to be responsible.

Hallucinations

________- perceptive like experiences that occur without an external stimulus.

Schizophreniform

________ disorder- a psychotic disorder that affects how you act, think, relate to others, express emotions and perceive reality.

Psychosis Syndrome

Attenuated ________- individual has symptoms but is relatively intact with reality; experiences symptoms but is aware that there are unusual experiences are not typical for a healthy person.

Bleuler

________ explained the four A's in his book Dementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias.

visual hallucinations

In children, delusions and hallucinations may be less elaborate than in adults, and ________ are more common and should be distinguished from fantasy play.

Origin of schizophrenia

________- dates back to the Ebers Papyrus of 1550BC from Egypt.

mitochondrial disorders

Organic- It includes many different clinical conditions that may cause schizophrenia- like psychosis such as drug intoxication, temporal lobe epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, cerebrovascular disease, storage disorders, ________, leukodystrophies.

Dopamine hypothesis

________- hyperactivity of dopamine D2 receptor neurotransmission in subcortical and limbic brain regions contributes to positive symptoms of schizophrenia.

Delusional disorder

________- a type of mental health condition in which a person can't tell what's real from what's imagined.

Schizoaffective disorder

________- a condition where symptoms of both psychotic and mood disorders are present together during one episode (or within a two week period of each other)

Origin of schizophrenia

dates back to the Ebers Papyrus of 1550BC from Egypt

Emil Kraepelin(late 1850s)

identified manic depression and dementia praecox, later termed schizophrenia, as distinct forms of psychosis

Eugen Bleuler

defined schizophrenia as a group of diseases rather than just one disorder

He defined the main symptoms of the disease as the four A's

associations, affect, ambivalence, and autism

Criteria for schizophrenia

At least 2 or more of the following, with at least one being 1,2 or 3

psychosis

when people lose some contact with reality

Delusions

fixed beliefs that are not amenable to change in light of conflicting evidence

Hallucinations

perceptive like experiences that occur without an external stimulus

Disorganized thinking(speech)

person may switch from subject to subject, may answer in completely unrelated terms, and may be incomprehensible

Grossly disorganized or abnormal motor behavior

silliness, unpredictable behavior, or catatonic

Negative symptoms

usually diminished emotional expression (flat affect) and

abolition

decrease in purposeful self-initiated activities

alogia

diminished speech output

associalito

lack of interest in social interactions

Positive symptoms

hallucinations (sensations that aren't real), delusions (beliefs that can't be real), and repetitive movements that are hard to control

Schizophreniform disorder

a psychotic disorder that affects how you act, think, relate to others, express emotions and perceive reality

Schizoaffective disorder

a condition where symptoms of both psychotic and mood disorders are present together during one episode (or within a two week period of each other)

Delusional disorder

a type of mental health condition in which a person can't tell what's real from what's imagined

Brief psychotic disorder

the presence of one or more psychotic symptoms with a sudden onset and full remission within one month

Shared psychotic disorder

a rare disorder characterized by sharing a delusion among two or more people in a close relationship

Catatonia

a disorder that disrupts a person's awareness of the world around them

Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome

individual has symptoms but is relatively intact with reality; experiences symptoms but is aware that there are unusual experiences are not typical for a healthy person

Tardive Dyskinesia

a condition where your face, body or both make sudden, irregular movements which you cannot control

genetic

tends to run in families, but no single gene is thought to be responsible

organic

It includes many different clinical conditions that may cause schizophrenia-like psychosis such as drug intoxication, temporal lobe epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, cerebrovascular disease, storage disorders, mitochondrial disorders, leukodystrophies

High comorbidity rate with suicide

30% of schizophrenics who commit suicede will do so within sic months of initial diagnosis

Dopamine hypothesis

hyperactivity of dopamine D2 receptor neurotransmission in subcortical and limbic brain regions contributes to positive symptoms of schizophrenia

First generation antipsychotics

Thorazine and Haldol

Second generation antipsychotics (developed later)

Clozaril, Risperfal, Zypreca, Geodon, Abilify

Therapy

Individual and family, day treatment

Affect

the immediate expression of emotion, and can be used to objectively assess a patient's mood