classical sociologists & values

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11 Terms

1
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what is value free?

free from contamination/distortion by one’s values

2
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what are the conflicting views on value freedom?

  • it is possible + desirable to keep subjective values out of research

  • it is impossible to keep personal values separate because it is the study of humans

  • it is desirable to use values in sociology

3
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what is committed sociology?

it is desirable for sociologists to use their values to improve society

4
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what do Comte & Durkheim believe about value freedom?

  • sociology is the queen of sciences

  • scientific sociology will reveal the one correct society

  • values should be separate as sociologists are scientists

5
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what does Marx believe about value freedom?

  • takes for granted the value of the ideal communist society

  • sees science as helping to deliver the good society

  • role of society is to reveal the truth of historical materialism

6
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what is Weber’s view on value freedom?

  • must distinguish between value judgement and fact

  • a value cannot be proved or disproved by fact

  • values have an essential role in the 4 stages of the research process

7
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what are Weber’s 4 stages of research?

  1. values as a guide to research

  2. data collection & hypothesis testing

  3. values in the interpretation of data

  4. values & the sociologist as a citizen

8
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what happens in stage 1?

  • social reality is made up of a meaningless infinity

  • researchers can select facts

  • value relevance

  • values are essential in enabling us to select which aspects to study

9
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what happens in stage 2?

  • must be as objective as possible when collecting facts

  • use facts to test hypothesis

  • hypothesis must stand or fall

10
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what happens in stage 3?

  • values are important in interpreting data

  • facts need to be set in a theoretical framework to understand significance

  • must be explicit about values

11
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what happens in stage 4?

  • research findings have real effects

  • sociologists are human and should not dodge the moral/political issues their work raises

  • take moral responsibility for potential harm