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Maize Culture

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73 Terms

1

Maize Culture

An agriculture practice that became widespread among Native Americans in North America before European contact.

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2

Cabeza De Vaca

A Spanish explorer known for his accounts of the New World, particularly reflecting on Native American cultures.

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3

Economic Development

The process by which a culture diversifies its economy, often through improved agriculture and trade.

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4

Caste System

A hierarchical structure within societies, notably seen in Spanish settlements where slaves had designated social statuses.

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5

Encomienda System

A labor system instituted by the Spanish crown that allowed colonists to demand tribute and forced labor from Native Americans.

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6

European Isolationism

A trend among European nations to withdraw from interacting with or influencing Native cultures.

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7

Atlantic Economy

Economic exchanges that developed between Europe, Africa, and the Americas starting in the 16th century.

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8

Cultural Misunderstandings

Misinterpretations between different cultures, often leading to exploitation or conflict.

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9

Slave Labor

Labor performed by individuals who are legally considered property and forced to work without compensation.

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10

Religious Toleration

Policies allowing the practice of various religions; present in some of the British colonies but not universally applied.

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11

Louisiana Purchase

A land deal between the United States and France in 1803 that doubled the size of the U.S.

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12

Market Revolution

The transition from a subsistence economy to a market-oriented economy in the early 19th century.

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13

Second Great Awakening

A religious revival movement in the early 19th century in America that led to social reform movements.

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14

Manifest Destiny

The 19th-century doctrine that the expansion of the U.S. throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable.

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15

Sharecropping

An agricultural system in which landowners allow tenants to use the land in exchange for a share of the crops produced.

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16

Dred Scott Decision

A Supreme Court ruling of 1857 that stated African Americans could not be American citizens and rejected the legal standing of free states.

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17

Radical Republicans

A faction of American politicians in the 1860s and 1870s who sought to ensure civil rights for African Americans.

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18

Seneca Falls Convention

The first women's rights convention held in 1848 that marked the beginning of the women's suffrage movement in the U.S.

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19

Reconstruction Amendments

The 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments to the Constitution, aimed at establishing rights for former enslaved people.

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20

Iroquois Confederacy

A historically powerful group of Native American tribes in the northeastern United States that formed a political alliance.

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21

Natural Rights

The concept that individuals are inherently entitled to certain rights, often cited by American colonists against British rule.

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22

American Identity

The shared sense of nationality and cultural identity that developed among the colonies in response to British policies.

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23

Political Autonomy

The state of having self-governing powers and independence from external control.

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24

Social Movements

Collective efforts aimed at promoting or resisting change in society, often rooted in cultural or political issues.

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25

French and Indian War

A conflict between the British and French empires (1754-1763) that significantly altered British colonial policy in America.

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26

Agricultural Practices

Methods of farming and cultivation, influenced by environment and available resources.

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27

Nationalism

A strong sense of pride and loyalty to one's nation, often elevated in response to external conflicts.

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28

Cultural Exchange

The process by which different cultures share ideas, products, and customs.

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29

Conflict Resolution

The methods and processes involved in facilitating a peaceful ending to a disagreement.

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30

Women's Rights Movement

A social movement aimed at extending civil rights and legal protections to women.

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31

Political Divisions

Differences in political opinions and ideologies that can lead to conflict within a society.

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32

Caste System

A hierarchy in which individuals are classified into different social statuses, including racial and economic classes.

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33

Public Opinion

The collective preferences and attitudes of citizens concerning matters of government and public policy.

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34

Legislative Authority

The power or authority vested in a legislative body, such as Congress or a parliament, to make laws.

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35

Sovereignty

The supreme authority within a territory, often discussed in the context of Native American rights.

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36

Colonial Legislation

Laws enacted by colonial governments that reflect the social, economic, and political concerns of the time.

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37

Ideological Conflicts

Disagreements based on differing beliefs, values, or ideologies, particularly in politics and economics.

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38

Cultural Superiority

The belief that one's culture or ethnicity is superior to others, often used to justify colonialism and expansion.

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39

Political Participation

The ways in which individuals engage in civic and political life, including voting, activism, and public discourse.

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40

Economic Regulation

Government policies aimed at controlling or influencing economic activity and practices.

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41

Impressment

The act of forcibly enlisting individuals into military service, particularly noted in the context of American naval history.

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42

Civil Rights

The rights of citizens to political and social freedom and equality, often fought for in the wake of the Civil War.

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43

Enlightenment Ideas

Philosophical concepts emerging in the 17th and 18th centuries that emphasize reason, individualism, and skepticism of authority.

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44

Colonial Resistance

Opposition to British colonial authority and policies, leading to movements for independence.

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45

Voting Rights

Legal rights that establish who can participate in elections, often a contentious issue in U.S. history.

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46

Indentured Servitude

A labor system where individuals work for a set number of years in exchange for passage to America.

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47

Reform Movements

Groups or organizations that seek to change specific practices or policies in social, economic, or political life.

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48

Nativism

The policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants.

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49

Economic Systems

Organized ways of managing the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services in a society.

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50

Labor Unions

Organizations formed by workers to advocate for better working conditions, pay, and rights.

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51

Racial Theories

Beliefs about the superiority or inferiority of different races, often used to justify discrimination.

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52

Tensions over Slavery

Disputes and divisions within the U.S. regarding the institution of slavery and its expansion.

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53

Federalism

A system of government where power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units.

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54

Political Narratives

Storylines constructed around political events or ideologies that influence public perception and action.

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55

Agricultural Expansion

The growth of farming practices and land use, particularly in the context of westward expansion in the U.S.

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56

Settlement Patterns

The arrangement and distribution of people across a given area, influenced by factors such as geography and economy.

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57

Cultural Blending

The process by which different cultural identities mix and influence one another.

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58

Immigration Policies

Regulations and laws that govern who can enter and reside in a country.

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59

American Exceptionalism

The belief that the United States has a unique destiny and role in history, particularly in promoting democracy.

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60

Social Stratification

The classification of society into groups based on socioeconomic status, race, or other factors.

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61

Historical Revisionism

The re-examination of historical facts and narratives, often to challenge established viewpoints.

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62

Public Discourse

The discussion of issues that concern the public, often leading to legislative or social change.

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63

Judicial Review

The ability of the Supreme Court to limit congressional power by declaring legislation unconstitutional.

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64

Political Compromise

When opposing parties negotiate and find common ground despite initial disagreements.

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65

Economic Reconstruction

The period of rebuilding the economy after the Civil War focused on integrating freed slaves into society.

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66

Social Reforms

Efforts aimed at improving societal issues like education, labor rights, or women’s rights.

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67

Civil Disobedience

The nonviolent act of refusing to comply with laws or demands of a government as a form of protest.

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68

Naturalization Process

The legal process by which a foreign citizen can acquire citizenship in a country.

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69

Urbanization

The process by which cities grow and societies become more urban, often linked to economic transformation.

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70

Manifest Destiny

The belief in the 19th century that the expansion of the U.S. across the American continents was both justified and inevitable.

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71

Industrialization

The transition to a manufacturing-based economy on a large scale, which significantly transformed American society.

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72

Civic Engagement

The participation of citizens in political, community and social activities.

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73

Social Contract

A theory in political philosophy that posits individuals consent, either explicitly or implicitly, to form a government and abide by its rules.

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