N162B Week 1 GI Quiz

What is the tx for gingivitis

• brush teeth twice/day

• floss

• regular dentist visits4 for routine cleanings

what are the interventions and rationales for gastroesophageal disease?

• teach importance of eating 4-6 small meal daily

  • eliminate foods that lower LES (spicy foods, tomato-based foods, citric juices)

    • LES prevents stomach content from flowing back into the esophagus

    • if LES weakens → acid reflux

• Explain conversion of epithelial cells and how it could lead to cancer

  • Barrett’s esophagus → higher risk for esophageal cancer

• Instruct pt not to lie down after eating

• Educate pt to avoid drinking/eating

• Educate pt about med regimen and possible side effects

Several risk factors for peptic ulcer

• Family hx

• Type O blood; more susceptible to H.pylori

• Tobacco use and caffeine

• Glucocorticoids and NSAIDs (second main cause)

• Psychological stress

• Helicobacter pylori (main cause)

  • primary cause of peptic ulcers

  • gram-negative bacteria

• Excess gastric acid

• Hyposecretion of adequate mucus (no protection of mucosal lining)

Manifestations for appendicitis

• Right lower quadrant abd pain

• Nausea/vomiting

• Rebound tenderness

• Guarding

Diagnosis testing for intestinal obstruction 

• X-rays

• CT scan

• Complete blood count with differential WBC

• Barium swallow or barium edema

• Careful hx and physical examination

Common conditions that cause constipation 

• Lack of exercise

• Insufficient dietary fiber/stool stays in the intestine too long or too much water reabsorbed causing hard stools 

• Diminished fluid intake

• Slow motility of waste material through large intestine

• Certain foods, medications, diseases

What should be assessed if a patient complains of constipation?

Dietary and fluid intake

What should pts be educated about before considering pharmacotherapy for constipation?

Increase fluid intake and dietary fiber in their diet

Common pharmacotherapy for constipation

Laxatives like Metamucicl

Common Pharmacotherapy for diarrhea

Antidiarrheal drugs likee Lomotil/Loperamide