Chapter 5 Anxiety, Trauma- and Stressor-Related, and Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms from the anxiety, trauma-, stressor-, and OCD-related disorders lecture notes.

Anxiety

A future-oriented negative mood state characterized by bodily tension and apprehension about upcoming events.

Fear

An immediate alarm reaction to present danger, often with physiological arousal.

Panic attack

An abrupt surge of intense fear or discomfort that peaks within minutes, with physical symptoms such as palpitations, sweating, and dizziness.

Panic disorder

Recurrent unexpected panic attacks and persistent concern about having more attacks or changes in behavior.

Agoraphobia

Fear or avoidance of places or situations where escape might be difficult or help unavailable during a panic-like experience.

Social anxiety disorder

Irrational and persistent fear of social or performance situations with potential negative evaluation.

Taijin kyofusho

Japanese variant of social anxiety disorder focusing on avoiding causing embarrassment or offending others.

Specific phobia

Irrational, excessive fear of a specific object or situation that interferes with functioning.

Blood-injection-injury phobia

Phobia characterized by fainting or strong vasovagal responses to blood or injury.

Situational phobia

Phobia of specific situations (e.g., planes, elevators) that do not trigger panic outside the phobic context.

Natural environment phobia

Phobia of natural events like heights, storms, or water.

Animal phobia

Phobia of animals or insects.

Separation anxiety disorder

Excessive fear of separation from attachment figures, often in children but can persist into adulthood.

Selective mutism

Childhood disorder characterized by lack of speech in certain social settings despite ability to speak elsewhere.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Trauma- and stressor-related disorder with intrusion, avoidance, negative mood, hyperarousal, and potential dissociative symptoms after trauma.

Acute stress disorder

Acute posttraumatic reaction occurring within 1 month of trauma; can progress to PTSD.

Prolonged grief disorder

Persistent, impairment-related grief lasting beyond normative timelines after a loss.

Adjustment disorder

Emotional or behavioral reaction to identifiable life stressors that is distressing or impairing but not trauma- or loss-related.

Attachment disorders

Disorders arising from inadequate or abusive child-rearing, including Reactive Attachment Disorder and Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder.

Reactive attachment disorder

Inhibited pattern of withdrawal and limited seeking of caregiver support in children.

Disinhibited social engagement disorder

Disinhibited, overfriendly behavior toward unfamiliar adults due to early caregiving problems.

OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder)

Disorder characterized by intrusive obsessions and/or repetitive compulsions causing distress or impairment.

Obsessions

Intrusive, unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that cause distress.

Compulsions

Repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce distress or prevent a feared outcome.

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD)

Preoccupation with imagined or slight physical flaws leading to distress and impairment.

Hoarding disorder

Excessive acquisition and difficulty discarding items, resulting in clutter and functional impairment.

Trichotillomania

Hair-pulling disorder with hair loss and significant distress or impairment.

Excoriation (skin picking)

Repetitive picking of the skin causing tissue damage and impairment.

ERP (exposure and ritual prevention)

A CBT-based treatment for OCD involving exposure to feared stimuli and prevention of compulsive rituals.

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

Chronic excessive worry about everyday life events, difficult to control, with multiple physical symptoms.

Triple vulnerability theory

Model proposing three interacting vulnerabilities: biological, generalized psychological, and specific psychological.

Generalized biological vulnerability

Heritable tendency to be tense or reactive to stress.

Generalized psychological vulnerability

Belief that the world is dangerous or uncontrollable, learned from early experiences.

Specific psychological vulnerability

Learning that particular situations or objects are dangerous, increasing risk for specific fears.