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The smallest contractile (functional) unit of skeletal muscle is the
sarcomere
Bundles of muscle fibers held together by perimysium are called
fascicles
What do you call the dense connective tissue layer that encloses the entire muscle?
epipmysium
Which neurotransmitter is released at motor end plates by the motor neuron?
ACh
Holding a plank is an example of a _____ contraction.
isometric
What is the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle?
store calcium
Extensions of the ______ are called T tubules.
sarcolemma
A ______ is dense regular connective tissue that attached a muscle to a bone.
tendon
Muscle fibers that use glycolysis to produce ATP are called ______.
fast glycolytic
The myosin-binding sites are blocked by ______ in a resting muscle cell.
tropomyosin
What is the only energy source used directly for muscle contraction?
ATP
In order for the myosin heads to detach from actin, what must bind?
ATP
Which filaments run throughout the entire A band?
thick
Thick filaments are mostly made of the protein, _______.
myosin
What is the space called between the axon terminal and the sarcolemma?
synaptic cleft
Does a sarcomere shorten during muscle contraction to generate force?
yes
Which zone of the sarcomere shortens and can fully disappear when a muscle contracts?
h zone
What causes rigor mortis in muscles after death?
not enough ATP
Which ion links excitation to contraction?
ca2+
Put in order smallest to biggest: fascicles, myolfilaments, myofibrils, muscle fibers, muscle
myofilaments, myofibrils, muscle fibers, fascicles, muscle
Which type of muscle contraction occurs when the muscle shortens during contraction?
concentric
Which type of muscle is striated and voluntary?
skeletal
A 10K race would be considered _____ exercise while a 100 meter dash is _______ exercise.
aerobic; anaerobic
For skeletal muscles to contract, calcium ions must bind to _____ in the sarcoplasm.
troponin
When we lift weights, do we make new muscle fibers or do our existing muscle fibers get bigger?
existing muscle fibers hypertrophy
Fast glycolytic fibers are _____ in color.
white
Slow oxidative fibers are _____ in color.
red
Which type of muscle contraction occurs when the muscle neither shortens nor lengthens during contraction?
isometric
Thin filaments are mostly made of a contractile protein called _______________.
actin
What builds up during intense exercise without sufficient oxygen?
lactic acid
What do you call muscle fibers that use oxygen and cellular respiration to produce ATP?
slow oxidative
Holding a tray of food in the same position is an example of a ____ contraction.
isometric
A single contraction in response to a single threshold stimulus is called a muscle ______.
twitch
What is an aponeurosis?
flat, sheet-like tendon
A single muscle cell is called a
muscle fiber
Myofibrils are composed primarily of
actin and myosin
The striated appearance of skeletal muscle results from the
arrangments of filaments
__________ is the space between each myosin filament where there is actin only.
I band
The plasma membrane of a muscle cell is called the
sarcolemma
Groups of skeletal muscle fibers are bound together by a connective tissue envelope called the
perimysium
Each fascicle contain many
muscle fibers
What is in the middle of the H zone?
M line
Sections of the sarcomere that includes actin only.
I band
A bundle of muscle fibers are called.....
fascicles
Sections of the sarcomere that includes the myosin and some of the actin.
A band
Which muscle tissue is voluntary?
skeletal
Which muscle tissue does not have a banded appearance?
smooth
Which muscle tissue has dense connective tissue packaging?
skeletal
Which muscle tissue coordinates activity allowing it to act as a pump?
cardiac
Which muscle tissue has one single centrally located nucleus?
smooth
Which muscle tissue is often referred to as the muscular system?
skeletal
Which muscle tissue aids in the movement of the facial skin?
skeletal
Which muscle tissue has intercalated disks?
cardiac
What areas in the sarcomere change when contraction occurs?
I band, H zone, Z lines/discs