Intro to Psychology Exam #3 Study Guide

A comprehensive set of flashcards aimed at reviewing key concepts for the Intro to Psychology Exam #3, covering social psychology, stress and health, psychological disorders, and treatment methods.

What does Social Psychology study?

Social Psychology studies how individuals think, influence, and relate to one another.

What is the difference between situational and dispositional attributions?

Situational attributions assign behavior to external factors, while dispositional attributions assign behavior to internal characteristics.

How do individualistic cultures differ from collectivist cultures?

Individualistic cultures emphasize personal goals and independence, while collectivist cultures emphasize group goals and interdependence.

What is the fundamental attribution error?

The tendency to overestimate the impact of dispositional factors and underestimate situational factors when interpreting others' behavior.

What is the difference between conformity, compliance, and obedience?

Conformity is changing behavior to match others, compliance is changing behavior in response to a request, and obedience is changing behavior in response to an authority figure.

What is the bystander effect?

The phenomenon where individuals are less likely to help a victim when other people are present.

What kind of relationships are we more likely to form based on attraction?

We are more likely to form relationships with individuals who are similar to us in attitudes, interests, and demographics.

What are the good types of stress and negative types of stress?

Good stress, or eustress, can motivate individuals, while negative stress, or distress, can overwhelm individuals.

What are different types of stressors?

Different types of stressors include daily hassles, major life changes, chronic illness, and environmental stressors.

What are the stress characteristics of Type A and Type B personalities?

Type A personalities are competitive and high-strung, while Type B personalities are relaxed and easy-going.

What is positive psychology?

Positive psychology focuses on promoting strengths and enhancing well-being rather than just treating mental illness.

What are the long-term effects of stress?

Long-term effects of stress can include mental health issues, cardiovascular diseases, and weakened immune system.

What is the definition of a psychological disorder?

A psychological disorder is a syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior.

What is the Biopsychosocial Framework of psychological disorders?

The Biopsychosocial Framework considers biological, psychological, and social factors in understanding psychological disorders.

What are some symptoms of psychological disorders covered in class?

Symptoms may include anxiety, mood changes, impaired functioning, and cognitive distortions.

What is the history of mental health treatment, particularly regarding asylums?

Historically, asylums housed individuals with mental illness, often with inhumane treatment before reforms in mental health practices.

What are the characteristics of psychoanalysis/psychodynamic therapy?

Psychoanalysis focuses on unconscious processes and childhood experiences as key to understanding psychological issues.

What is CBT and what are cognitive distortions?

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a treatment that addresses dysfunctional emotions and behaviors by altering negative thought patterns.

What is Play Therapy?

Play Therapy is a therapeutic approach used primarily with children, allowing them to express feelings and thoughts through play.

What is Humanistic Therapy?

Humanistic Therapy emphasizes personal growth, self-actualization, and the individual's capacity for self-understanding.