Unit 2: Photosynthesis and Cellular respiration

ATP

Adenosine Triphosphate - an immediately available source of energy cells use to do work

Carbon dioxide

CO2 - Plants use carbon dioxide to make glucose during photosynthesis.

cellular respiration

the process of breaking glucose to create ATP

Chemical energy

energy stored in chemical bonds

Chloroplast

an organelle in the plant cell that converts light energy into chemical energy via the photosynthetic process.

glucose

sugar molecule made of: 6 Carbons, 12 Hydrogens, and 6 Oxygens

Glucose = stored chemical energy

Light energy

A form of electromagnetic radiation that travels in waves and can be seen by the human eye. Light is made of many photons ("particles") moving in different waves of energy (seen as different colours)

mitochondria

an organelle in a cell that produces ATP. This is where cellular respiration takes place.

Oxygen

O2

Photosynthesis

the process by which green plants and certain other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy.

Water

H20

Chlorophyll

green pigment in a chloroplast that absorbs light energy during the light reactions of photosynthesis

Organic compound

a compound made by living organisms that contains carbon - hydrogen bonds

Inorganic compound

a compound that exists separately from living organisms and does not contain a carbon - hydrogen bond

Stoma (stomata)

a hole-like structure found in leaves and stems of plants. Stomata control the rate of gas exchange between the plant and the atmosphere by opening and closing.

starch

a string (polymer) of glucose molecules

carbohydrate

a biomolecule (organic compound) made of simple or complex sugars. Carbohydrates supply energy to the body, such as sugar and starch.

biomolecule

a chemical compound found in living organisms