horse breeds - ANS 110

belgian horse

• draft horse

• usually chestnut with blonde mane and tail

• upwards of 17 hh, 2000 pounds

• genetic disorder - junctional epidermolysis bullosa

• from Belgium

clydesdale

• named for district in Scotland

• 16 - 18 hh, 1800-2000 pounds

• white face and legs

• often have Sabino markings

• Budweiser horses

dutch warmblood

• KWPN

• governs breeding

  • rigorous selection process for approved stallions

  • open stud book

• typically taller than 15.2 hh

friesian

• northern netherlands

• 14.2 - 17 hh

• developed from medieval war horses

• baroque body type

haflinger

• hafling, austria (now Italy)

• 13.2 - 15 hh

• always chestnut

• first horse to be cloned

Hanoverian

• Hanover, germany

• rigorous breeding qualifications for stud book

  • Hanoverian verband

• 15.3 - 17.2 hh

• sport horse

• solid colors

• DODS

Icelandic

• 13 - 14 hh

• 700 - 850 pounds

• unique gaits

  • tolt - running walk

  • skoid - flying pace

lipizzan (er)

• breed registry established 1580 in slovenia

• Spanish riding school in Vienna established 1735

• grey, baroque body style

Morgan

• Justin Morgan

• late 1700s

• predominant colors = chestnut, bay, brown

• versatile

• Morgan blood is in racing Standardbreds and Tennessee walking horses

norwegian fjord/fjord horse

• viking burial sites - 2000 years ago

• light draft horse

• primitive color

  • dun

  • black mane with white on the outside

paint horse

• American paint horse association

• paint = BREED

• pinto = REGISTRY

• stock type body

• to be registered with APHA, sire and dam must be reigstered with

  • American paint horse registry,

  • american quarter horse association, or

  • jockey club

• color requirements: tobiano, overo, sabino, tovero

Paso fino

• fine step

• Puerto Rico and Colombia == spain

• also, pervivan paso

• natural gait; Paso, ambling gait

• PR paso - tiger eye

percheron

• la perche - normandy, france

• black and gray

• lack of feathering at fetlock

• well muscled

• work, meat

quarter horse

• run quarter mile fast (55 mph)

• highly versatile: rodeo, ranch work, western riding

• largest breed registry in the world (around 3 million)

• bred from English thoroughbreds and native horses

• AQHA - 1940

• stock type horse - muscular conformation, compact body style, short cannon, hocks set low to ground, stocky

• also “halter type,” “racing type,” and “hunter type”

saddlebred aka American saddle horse

• developed for easy riding, used in civil war

• foundation sire: denmark

• 3 WTC or 5 gaited

  • slow gait

  • rack

• used for riding and driving competition

shetland pony

• shetland isles - scotland

• maximum height - 42 inches

• used in mines - pit ponies

• shetland pony stud book started in 1890

shire

• england

• shire horse society - 1884

• usually the tallest and largest (weight) of the draft horses

• roman nose

• black, gray, chestnut, bay

• up to 2200 pounds

• 17.2 hh

standardbred

• American trotting horse - harness racing

• named for trotting a mile in less than standard time (2 min, 30 seconds)

• foundation sires: messenger (thoroughbred)/hambletonian 10

  • Narragansett pacer

  • canadian pacer

  • thoroughbred

  • morgan

  • hackney

• natural gaits - trot and pace

  • trot - diagonal legs

  • pace - legs on same side

Tennessee walking horse

• originated in Tennessee

• foundation sire: Allan-f1

  • Morgan x standardbred

  • blood from pacers, Spanish mustangs

• grand champion walking horse

  • shelbyville tn

• gaits

  • running walk

  • rocking horse canter

• flat footed/flat shod (pleasure horses)

• performance/big lick

  • shod with pads

  • maximum of 50% of natural shoe lengths

  • wear “action devices”

  • artificially set skills

• USEF does not recognize any TWH shows

thoroughbred

• racehorse - gallop

• foundation sires + English mares

  • darley arabian

  • godolphin arabian

  • byerlv turk

  • all foaled 1679 - 1724

• general stud book - 1791

• all foals have January 1 birthday, live cover breeding only, tattooed for id, 16 hh, solid colors primarily

welsh pony

• Wales, < 1600, slightly larger than shetlands

• smallest pony < 12 hh UK, 12.2 hh USA

• welsh cob > 13.2 hh

• solid colors or grey

rare breeds

less than 5000 worldwide. include Canadian, Lipizzaner, and Rocky Mountain

critical breeds

less than 3000 worldwide. include akhal teke, Suffolk, and Cleveland bay