1.3 chemical calculations

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12 Terms

1

what is the definition of relative atomic mass?

average mass of 1 atom of an element relative to 1/12th the mass of 1 atom of carbon 12

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2

what is the definition of relative isotopic mass?

the mass of an atom on an isotope relative to 1/12th the mass of 1 atom of carbon 12

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3

what is the definition of relative formula mass?

average mass of a molecule relative to 1/12th the mass of 1 atom of carbon 12

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4

what are the steps of the mass spectrometer?

  1. vaporisation - the sample is heated and turned into a gas before entering the mass spectrometer

  2. ionisation - the gaseous sample is bombarded by hight energy electrons to form positive ions

  3. acceleration - the positive ions are accelerated through an electric field

  4. some ions pass through a slit and are detected by the detector

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5

how to calculate the relative formula mass (Mr)?

add up the Ar from each atom

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6

what’s equation for moles?

mass


number of moles | Mr

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7

what is the equation for avogadros constant?

number of particles (N)


number of moles (n) | avogadros constant (NA)

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8

what is the equation for volume of gas?

volume of gas’s (dm3)


moles of gas | molar volume (dm3) (22.4dm3 or 24.5dm3)

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9

what is the ideal gas equation?

PV=nRT

p - pressure (Pa)

v - volume (m3)

n - amount of gas molecules mol

r - ideal gas constant

t - temperature (k)

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10

what is the equation for atom economy?

atom economy


mass of product | total mass of reactants

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11

what is the equation for % yield?

mass of product obtained


%yield | maximum theoretical yield

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12
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