chapter 15 honors world history

the process of teaching a person or group to accept a set of beliefs uncritically.

indoctrination

Totalitarianism

A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

Charles Lindbergh

United States aviator who in 1927 made the first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean (1902-1974)

Effect of Radio

Communication was easier. Radios provided news, entertainment, created mass popular culture.

Japan's 1930s government

Military takes over existing government structure and leaves it in place

How does Japan respond to shortages of Depression?

invading China for resources

Causes of stock collapse

everyone selling at once, people getting nervous bc of buying on margin

Why were post-war European governments unstable?

coalition governments were conglomerations of multiple parties who agree on little and it was hard to make progress

Existentialism

A philosophy based on the idea that people give meaning to their lives through their choices and actions

How did Roosevelt response to Depressoin?

New Deal Programs, spent lots of government money to increase economy and give people jobs

Stock Market Crash of 1929

Plunge in stock market prices that marked the beginning of the Great Depression

Francisco Franco

Fascist leader of the Spanish revolution, takes full control after Civil War helped by Hitler and Mussolini

Nazism

German brand of fascism

Lebensraum

Hitler's expansionist theory based on a drive to acquire "living space" for the German people

Mein Kampf

"My Struggle"-a book written by Adolf Hitler during his imprisonment in 1923-1924, in which he set forth his beliefs and his goals for Germany

Similarities of communism and fascism

• one party system

• heavy propaganda

• indoctrinated youth

• used force to destroy opposition

• disregard for human rights

• totalitarian ruler

What lead to the stock market crash?

buying on margin, uneven distribution of wealth, rise of consumer credit, new farming efficiencies

Dawes Plan

A plan to revive the German economy, the United States loans Germany money which then can pay reparations to England and France, who can then pay back their loans from the U.S. This circular flow of money was a success.

Weakness of Weimar Republic

lacked strong democratic tradition, several major and minor political parties & German's blamed the government for the postwar defeat and humiliation by the Treaty of Versailles

What themes marked literature in the interwar period?

questioned meaning and purpose of life, questioned usefulness of modern progress

Theory of Relativity

Albert Einstein's ideas about the interrelationships between time and space and between energy and matter, explained how gravity works

Mussolini beliefs

fascist, Italy wronged by Treay of Versailles and lack of territory granted to Italy, Italians deserved glorious place in world/European stage

Enabling Act

enabled Hitler to pass laws without reference to parliament, suspended Constitution for 4 years

Surrealism

An artistic movement that displayed vivid dream worlds and fantastic unreal images

unconscious mind

Freud's term for the part of our mind that we cannot become aware of

Why did the League of Nations fail?

• The U.S. Senate would not allow the United States to join

-League had no ability to enforce its decisions

Causes of the Great Depression

inflation, stock markets crashed, unemployment rising, overproduction of everything, buying on credit, unequal wealth, war debt

German Inflation

Germany couldn't pay reparations, so government kept printing off more money, made Allies realize that Germany needed help in order to pay reparations

Black Shirts

A private army under Mussolini (Italy) who destroyed socialist newspapers, union halls, and Socialist party headquarters, eventually pushing Socialists out of the city governments of Northern Italy.

Weimar Republic

German republic founded after the WWI and the downfall of the German Empire's monarchy.

Brownshirts

name given to Nazi thugs who violently silenced anyone opposed to Hitler's ways; also called storm troopers