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Hypothalamus
Complex effects on ingestive behavior
Regulation of energy balance; regulation of metabolism; motor behaviors
Depends critically on interconnections with other brain regions
Two regions of hypothalamus implicated
Ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) and Lateral hypothalamus (LH)
Two types of peptide hormones
Satiety peptides and Hunger peptides
Satiety peptides
Decreases appetite
Cholecystokinin (CCK), α-MSH, Somatostatin, Leptin, PYY3-36, GLP-1
Hunger peptides
Increase appetite
Neuropeptide Y, Galanin, Orexin-A, Ghrelin