periodic table

the number of e- that can occupy the sublevels being filled in that period

What determines the length of each period?

2

1s

What are the # of elements and sublevels for period 1?

8

2s 2p

What are the # of elements and sublevels for period 2?

8

3s 3p

What are the # of elements and sublevels for period 3?

18

4s 3d 4p

What are the # of elements and sublevels for period 4?

18

5s 4d 5p

What are the # of elements and sublevels for period 5?

32

6s 4f 5d 6p

What are the # of elements and sublevels for period 6?

32

7s 5f 6d 7p

What are the # of elements and sublevels for period 7?

groups 1 & 2

what groups are the s-block elements?

alkali metals

silvery appearance

soft enough to cut with knife

very reactive, must be stored in kerosene bc they will react with the water in the air

not found in nature as free elements, only in compounds

group 1

alkaline earth-metals

harder, denser, & stronger than alkali metals

higher boiling point

less reactive but also not found in nature as a free element

group 2

H & He

unique, does not share the same properties of group 1

groups 3-12

what groups are the d-block elements?

transition metals

good conductors, high luster

typically less reactive than alkali and alkaline-earth metals

some so nonreactive they do not easily form compounds & exist as free elements

groups 3-12

gold, palladium, platinum

What are the least reactive transition metals?

groups 13-18

what groups are the p-block elements?

main group elements

made up by the s-block and p-block elements

properties vary greatly

nonmetals

What kind of metals does the right side of the p-block have?

metals

What kind of metals does the left side and bottom of the p-block have?

metalloids

boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, tellurium

What kind of 6 metals in the middle of the p-block called? What are they?

halogens

What is group 17 called?

halogens

most reactive metals

react very vigorously with most metals to form salts

metalloids

semiconducting elements

located in the p-block between metals and nonmetals

brittle solids w/ properties of both metals and nonmetals

metals of the p-block

harder and denser than the s-block metals, but softer than the d-block metals

lanthanides and actinides

What does the f-block consist of?

lanthanides

shiny and similar to group 2 reactivity

actinides

radioactive and only 1st four found naturally on earth, the rest made in the lab