Anatomy and Physiology Lecture Notes Review

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These flashcards cover essential vocabulary and definitions from the anatomy and physiology lecture notes for effective review and exam preparation.

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18 Terms

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Cerebral

Referring to the cerebrum or brain.

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Anterior cerebral artery

An artery that supplies blood to the anterior part of the brain.

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Middle cerebral artery

An artery that supplies blood to the lateral surfaces of the cerebral hemispheres.

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Posterior cerebral artery

An artery that supplies blood to the posterior part of the brain.

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Spirometry

A test that measures the volume of air inhaled and exhaled by the lungs.

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Tidal volume

The amount of air that is inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing, approximately 500 mL.

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Carbonic acid

A weak acid formed in solution when carbon dioxide is dissolved in water.

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Vital capacity

The total volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation.

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Glomerular capsule

A sac-like structure surrounding the glomerulus in a kidney nephron.

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Helium (hemi)

The entry point of a major organ, often referred to in terms such as hilum.

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Larynx

The part of the airway involved in breathing, sound production, and protecting the trachea against food aspiration.

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Bronchi vs. Bronchus

Bronchi is the plural form, whereas bronchus is the singular form.

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Residual volume

The amount of air that remains in the lungs after a maximal exhalation.

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Aldosterone

A hormone produced by the adrenal glands that regulates sodium and potassium levels in the blood.

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Goiter

An abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland. Indicative of iodine deficiency

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Occiput

The back part of the head, often referenced in obstetrics.

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Trachea

The tube that connects the pharynx and larynx to the lungs.

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Carina

The ridge at the tracheal bifurcation where it divides into the left and right main bronchi.