Unit 1: US on the Home Front

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27 Terms

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Big Stick Policy

Talk little and carry big power; threaten others if they act unfavorably; military might used to enforce influence in the Western Hemisphere

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Roosevelt Corollary

The belief that the United States can interfere in Latin America to prevent European interference

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Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy

The policy where the US provides loans and investments to ensure military bases, fostering stability and protecting American interests

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Monroe Doctrine

The principle that the U.S. will not tolerate any European colonization in the Americas

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china’s open door policy

Policy ensuring that China would remain open to trade with all countries; US sought control and influence in China

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Cuba/spanish- american war

Conflict driven by the need for natural resources and to assert dominance, marked by the explosion of the USS Maine.

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Panama Canal

A crucial trade route that facilitated faster maritime travel and promised support to Mexico

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Zimmerman Telegram

A secret communication proposing a military alliance between Germany and Mexico against the U.S

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Lusitania

A British ship whose sinking by Germany served as a catalyst for US entry into WW l

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Armistice

An agreement to stop fighting, indicating both sides would refrain from further attacks

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Treaty of Versailles

The peace treaty that ended WWI; it punished Germany and established the League of Nations to prevent future conflicts

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Ratification Debate: Treaty of Versailles

The Senate’s reluctance to approve the Treaty due to fears of entanglement in international conflicts

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Economic Development

Refers to the need for raw materials, markets, and tariffs to facilitate trade and growth

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Raw Materials

Essential resources like sugar required for

economic production

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Markets

Increasing need for markets due to growth in industrial and agricultural output

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Tariffs

Taxes imposed on exports and imports, affecting trade relations with countries like Mexico,Canada, and Cuba.

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Muckrakers

Progressive journalists in the early 1900s who exposed corruption and societal issues.

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Yellow Journalism

A type of journalism that romanticizes war and promotes war.

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Role of women

Increased visibility of women’s contributions during and after wartime; related to the 19th amendment

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Social Darwinism

A sociological theory using “survival of the fittest” to justify social hierarchies and inequalities

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Military segregation

The enforced separation of Black individuals within the military.

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isolationism

The U.S. policy post-WWI of avoiding international involvement in European and Asian politics.

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Nationalism

Pride in one’s nation that can lead to military enlistment and a strong patriotic sentiment.

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war propaganda

Use of imagery and messaging to promote war efforts, typically invoking patriotic appeals.

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Expansion of Government Power in Wartime

Increase in government authority during war, exemplified by the Sedition Act

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Selective Service

The requirement for men aged 21-45 to register for the military draft

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Rationing

The practice of limiting the amount of food persons can consume to help support wartime efforts