Unit 3.3: Reinassance

David

Artist: Donatello

Period/Movement: Early Renaissance

Medium: Bronze

Location: Florence, Italy

Significance: contrapposto and bronze (greek), biblical story of David defeating Goliath, connects old to new testament, symbolic of Florence’s victory, non-idealized

Last Supper

Artist: Leonardo Da Vinci

Period/Movement: High Renaissance

Medium: Oil and tempera

Location: Milan, Italy

Significance: linear perspective, Jesus in center and tells disciples that one will betray him (Judas), geometerical aspects, frieze-like, “trompe l’oil” — illusion of space

Palazzo Rucellai

Artist: Leon Battista Alberti

Period/Movement: Early Renaissance

Medium: Stone, masonry

Location: Florence, Italy

Significance: three levels to show different column styles, renaissance revival of greek and roman architecture, Florentine home of the Rucellai family (commisioners), humanism: domestic architecture

Pazzi Chapel

Artist: Filippo Brunelleschi

Period/Movement: Early Renaissance

Medium: Masonry (stucco, pietra serena)

Location: Florence, Italy

Significance: harmony of Renaissance architecture, geometrical precise design, use of light, incorporation of outdoor space: reflect the era’s emphasis on balance and proportion, dome ceiling, rounded arches

Annunciation Triptych

Artist: Robert Campin

Period/Movement: Flemish Renaissance

Medium: Oil on wood, center panel

Location: Belgium

Significance: portable, depicts angel telling mary she will have the child of god (jesus), donor portrait, shows Mary’s husband: Joseph (blacksmith)

The Arnolfini Portrait

Artist: Jan van Eyck

Period/Movement: Flemish Renaissance

Medium: Oil on wood

Location: Belgium

Significance: shows two sides: domestic and wealth (male and female), oranges= wealth, dog= loyalty, candle lit= presence of God, mirror reflection: artist and unknown person

Adam and Eve (Fall of Man)

Artist: Albrecht Düer

Period/Movement: North High Renaissance

Medium: Engraving

Location: Middle East

Significance: contrapposto form, printmaking (new technology- mass production), idealized forms, classical forms, animals represent the 4 humors (elk, ox, rabbit, cat)

Isenheim altarpiece

Artist: Matthias Grünewald

Period/Movement:

Medium: Oil on wood

Location: Isenheim, France

Significance: panels, portable, shows Jesus with scars— empathizing with patients of disease, Jesus resurrection, Mary praying to Jesus, gothic influence: pointed arches stained glass

Madonna and Child with Two Angels

Artist: Fra Filippo Lippi

Period/Movement: Early Renaissance

Medium: Tempera on wood

Location: Uffizi, Florence

Significance: humanism, depth, sense of space, madonna, idealized, in order to have others relate, European influence

Venus of Urbino

Artist: Titian

Period/Movement: Venetian Renaissance

Medium: Oil on canvas

Location: Florence, Italy

Significance: idealized female form, positioning in depth, atmospheric perspective, linear perspective, goddess-like figure, youth/virginity, dog=wealth loyalty

Birth of Venus

Artist: Sandro Botticelli

Period/Movement: Early Renaissance

Medium: Tempera on canvas

Location: Florence, Italy

Significance: an attempt at modesty, Aura and Zehr blowing her to shore (wind), Hora of Spring, Medici commission, stance modeled after Greek form

Sistine Chapel ceiling and altar wall frescoes

Artist: Michelangelo

Period/Movement: High Renaissance

Medium: Fresco

Location: Vatican City, Italy

Significance: high ceilings, beyond human accuracy (muscular), monumental Hellenistic figures (sibyl = prophets/ess), on altar: the last judgement

School of Athens

Artist: Raphael

Period/Movement: High Renaissance

Medium: Fresco

Location: Rome, Italy

Significance: celebrated humanistic values of education, linear perspective, Plato & Aristotle, Michelangelo (only one not in linear perspective), depicts Raphael doing a self portrait, expresses knowledge in science and faith