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Tragedy of the Commons
Theory that shared resources (commons) will be overused and depleted
maximum sustainable yield
the maximum rate a renewable resource can be harvested at without threatening the future availability of that resource (usually half of carrying capacity)
Green Revolution
Shift in agriculture practices that increased yield and profits through mechanization, irrigation, fertilizers, pesticides, and GMOs.
Synthetic pesticides
Man made chemicals designed to kill pest organisms, increasing crop yields
Synthetic fertilizers
Man made chemicals that add nitrates & phosphates to soil to increase crop yields (made through FF comubustion)
GMOs
Genetically modified organisms. Examples include hardier crop varieties or those with genetic resistance to pests engineered in
Irrigation
Collection and distribution of water to agricultural crops. Often drawn out of aquifers which depletes them; over-irrigation can cause soil erosion or waterlogging of soil
Mechanization
Use of machines such as tractors, combines, irrigators, etc. in agriculture. Replaced human labor and increased reliance on FF
Fossil fuels
Gasoline, natural gas, coal that are combusted to produce electricity or power vehicles such as tractors and combines
Industrial or conventional agriculture
Post green-revolution farming. Monocropping with large amounts of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, and machines replacing human/animal labor