Question 4 Outline

What long-term tensions caused World War I?

European rivalries between Germany/Austria-Hungary and Britain, France, and Russia.

Which power was dominant in the 19th century?

Britain.

Why did Britain fear Germany?

Germany’s industrial output surpassed Britain and its navy challenged British sea power.

Why did France oppose Germany?

Resentment from defeat in the Franco-Prussian War.

What alliance-related factors led to WWI?

Military alliances and rivalries (MANIA).

What event sparked World War I?

Assassination of the heir to the Habsburg throne in Sarajevo.

Which four empires collapsed after WWI?

German, Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman, Russian.

Name one new military technology from WWI.

Battle tanks.

What ideologies rose after WWI?

Fascism, communism, Nazism.

What international organization was created after WWI?

League of Nations.

Who promoted the League of Nations?

Woodrow Wilson.

Why did the League of Nations fail?

It lacked enforcement power and effectiveness.

Immediate cause of World War II?

Hitler’s invasion of Poland.

How did the Treaty of Versailles contribute to WWII?

It imposed harsh economic and political penalties on Germany.

How did the Great Depression affect Germany?

Worsened economic hardship and instability.

Why did people lose faith in laissez-faire liberalism?

Economic collapse and unemployment during the Great Depression.

Which authoritarian regimes rose after WWI?

Nazism, fascism, communism, militarist Japan.

What was appeasement?

Granting concessions to aggressive powers to maintain peace.

Who won World War II?

Allied Powers.

Why was WWII more global than WWI?

It spanned Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

What military alliances formed after WWII?

NATO and the Warsaw Pact.

What global power shift did WWII complete?

The decline of European world dominance.

What events eliminated Europe’s sense of moral superiority?

Nazi genocides against Jews and other groups.

What major global conflict began after WWII?

The Cold War between the U.S. and USSR.