Studied by 6 people
what is an atom
Smallest component of an element
what charge is a proton
positive
what charge is an electron
negative
what charge is a neutron
no charge
what is in the nucleus
Protons and neutrons
what makes atomic mass
Protons and neutrons
what is the mass of an electron
1/1800 of a proton
what is an isotope
an element with same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
what is another name for atomic number
proton number
what is the name of this
Alpha
what’s the name of this
Beta
what is the name of this
Gamma
what is nuclear radiation
Emission of particles or energy from an unstable nucleus during radioactive decay
what are Radioactive materials
Materials that emit nuclear radiation
what is Radioactive decay
The disintegration of a nucleus
which particle has the most penetration
Gamma
which particle has the highest mass
alpha
which particle has the strongest ionising effect
alpha
which particle is positive
alpha
which particle is negative
bet
what charge does gamma have
no charge
does gamma have a mass. And why
no mass because it is a wave
which particles are affected by magnetic and electric fields
alpha and beta
why does gamma not get affected by electric or magnetic
it has no charge and is a wave, not a particle. so there is nothing for the fields to act on
what is ionising radiation
radiation that has enough energy to knock out an electron from an atom, making it an ion
what can stop alpha
paper
what can stop beta
aluminium
what can stop gamma
gamma can’t be stopped but can be reduced with two inch led
what is this
Cloud chamber
What do cloud chambers do
Study alpha particles
what is radioactive decay
spontaneous breakdown of an unstable nucleus, releasing radiation
what is alpha decay
Where am atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle
what is beta decay
Emitting an electron and antineutrino
what is gamma emission
Release of high-energy electromagnetic radiation from a nucleus
what happens to an atom in alpha decay
removes 2 protons and 2 neutrons
what happens to an atom in beta decay
a neutron changes into a proton wha
what happens to an atom with gamma emission
atomic mass or number does not change
what is the SI unit of Activity in half life
Bq
what is half life
Time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay
what do heaviest isotopes decay by
alpha decay
isotopes above stability line decay by what
beta electrons
isotopes below the stability line decay by
beta positron
where do isotopes with too many neutrons lie
above stability line
where do isotopes with too few neutrons lie
below stability line
How does an atom stabilise itself if it is above the stability line regarding protons and neutrons
turns a neutron into a proton
How does an atom stabilise itself if it is below the stability line regarding protons and neutrons
turns protons into neutrons
what happens when an isotope is too heavy but wants to become stable
undergoes alpha decay to lose chunks of the atom to become stable
what is nuclear energy
small nuclei can react to release energy through nuclear fusion or fission
what happens when alpha and beta particles collide with surrounding atoms
makes them move faster and increase temperatures
which is greater in energy released. Chemical change or nuclear energy
nuclear energy
what is a nuclear reaction
particle that pernitrates and changes a nucleus
since the rate of decay is slow, how can we make it faster
by bombarding a nucleus with neutrons to make it more unstable w
What is this
nuclear fission
what is this
nuclear fusion
Note 
Flashcard (46)