Studied by 1 person
cerebral cortex
outer lay of the cerebral hemispheres
neocortex
centrally involved with all aspects of cognition and behavior (sensation, motor control, cognition, planning)
frontal lobe (LS)
executive functions, motor
parietal lobe (LS)
sensorimotor functions
temporal lobe (LS)
memory, audition
occipital lobe (LS)
vision
Frontal lobe (MS)
social cognition, emotion control
parietal lobe (MS)
autobiographical memory
temporal lobe (MS)
memory, expertise
occipital lobe (MS)
vision
insula
internal representation of the body, feelings of pain, disgust, empathy
sensory cortex
receive sensory input
motor cortex
send motor output
association cortex
integrative functions, planning, language, tool use, complex cognition
association cortex
expanded greatly in primates
gyrus
having a highly convoluted brain allows for more neocortical surface area in a smaller volume!
neocortex
a 6-layered structure that covers the surface of the cerebrum
layer IV
primary input, more sensory info comes in here
layer V
primary output, most commands go out from this layer
Social Theories
decision making, relationships, attract mates, expanded neocortex
Foraging Theories
some foods require more learning to acquire
ecological theories
more cognitively demanding food leads to bigger brain and slower life history
extractive theories
convergent evolution, larger brains, slow life history, problem solving, learning, planning
relative brain size
E = kP^α
encephalization
the enlargement of the brain relative to its expected size
encephalization quotient
EQ = observed brain size / predicted brain size
endocasts
show basic gyrus/sulcus features, comprehensive brains, how we know what extinct hominid brains look like
The Front-Orbital Sulcus
brain size isn't everything, can have a restricted brain even with a smaller brain size
energetic constraints
brains are expensive and need a lot of energy to function
50% increase in energy
energetic constraints for a mother when lactating
expensive tissue hypothesis
humans reduced their GI tract to reallocate resources to the brain with better diets
Note 
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