Brain Evolution
0.0(0)
Studied by 1 person
Call with Kai
Knowt Play
Learn
Practice Test
Spaced Repetition
Match
FlashcardsCard Sorting
1/30
Earn XP
Description and Tags
Study Analytics
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
|---|
No study sessions yet.
31 Terms
1
New cards
cerebral cortex
outer lay of the cerebral hemispheres
2
New cards
neocortex
centrally involved with all aspects of cognition and behavior (sensation, motor control, cognition, planning)
3
New cards
frontal lobe (LS)
executive functions, motor
4
New cards
parietal lobe (LS)
sensorimotor functions
5
New cards
temporal lobe (LS)
memory, audition
6
New cards
occipital lobe (LS)
vision
7
New cards
Frontal lobe (MS)
social cognition, emotion control
8
New cards
parietal lobe (MS)
autobiographical memory
9
New cards
temporal lobe (MS)
memory, expertise
10
New cards
occipital lobe (MS)
vision
11
New cards
insula
internal representation of the body, feelings of pain, disgust, empathy
12
New cards
sensory cortex
receive sensory input
13
New cards
motor cortex
send motor output
14
New cards
association cortex
integrative functions, planning, language, tool use, complex cognition
15
New cards
association cortex
expanded greatly in primates
16
New cards
gyrus
having a highly convoluted brain allows for more neocortical surface area in a smaller volume!
17
New cards
neocortex
a 6-layered structure that covers the surface of the cerebrum
18
New cards
layer IV
primary input, more sensory info comes in here
19
New cards
layer V
primary output, most commands go out from this layer
20
New cards
Social Theories
decision making, relationships, attract mates, expanded neocortex
21
New cards
Foraging Theories
some foods require more learning to acquire
22
New cards
ecological theories
more cognitively demanding food leads to bigger brain and slower life history
23
New cards
extractive theories
convergent evolution, larger brains, slow life history, problem solving, learning, planning
24
New cards
relative brain size
E = kP^α
25
New cards
encephalization
the enlargement of the brain relative to its expected size
26
New cards
encephalization quotient
EQ = observed brain size / predicted brain size
27
New cards
endocasts
show basic gyrus/sulcus features, comprehensive brains, how we know what extinct hominid brains look like
28
New cards
The Front-Orbital Sulcus
brain size isn't everything, can have a restricted brain even with a smaller brain size
29
New cards
energetic constraints
brains are expensive and need a lot of energy to function
30
New cards
50% increase in energy
energetic constraints for a mother when lactating
31
New cards
expensive tissue hypothesis
humans reduced their GI tract to reallocate resources to the brain with better diets
Note 
Flashcards (76)