Chapter 22-23 Vocab Biology

Taiga

Taiga

Evergreen trees, long cold winters, short summer

Tundra

Arctic low growing vegetation, permafrost, long winters, short summer

Tropical Forest

Warm temperature year-round, most rain of any biome, most biodiverse

Temperate Deciduous Forest

Moderate winters and rain, most trees drop leaves in winter

Savannah

Warm temperature, two seasons-wet and dry, most vegetation long grasses

Grassland

Perennial grasses, cold winters, warm summers, mostly non-woody plants prairies

Desert

Extreme dryness, hot summers, cold winters, cold nights compared to daytime.

Marine

Covers 3/4 of earth, has coral reefs and estuaries.

Fresh Water

Low salt concentration, ponds, rivers, lakes, wetlands, not as biodiverse as other water biome

Fossil Fuels,

What is A? Using blank for energy converts organic carbon to CO2

Cellular Respiration

What is B? Most organisms, including plants, animals, and decomposers perform blank producing CO2 from organic food.

Atmosphere

What is C? CO2 is absorbed to the blank.

Ocean

What is D? CO2 is absorbed by the blank

Photosynthesis

What is E? Plants perform blank fixing CO2 into organic molecules

Fossil Fuels /

What is F? Coal and oil are blank which trap carbon below Earth’s surface

Ecosystem

Living and nonliving components in an environment

Climate

Regional average of atmospheric conditions over long period of time looking at precipitation and temperature

Weather

Short local atmospheric conditions that can change several times in a week.

Greenhouse Effect

Natural process where heat is radiated from earths surface and trapped by the atmosphere, helps to maintain earth at a temperature that supports life.

Greenhouse Gas

Any gasses in the earths atmosphere that absorb heat and contribute to the warming of the earth.

Carbon Dioxide and Methane

Examples of greenhouse gases

Fossil Fuels

Carbon rich energy source formed from compressed organic matter from ancient organisms.

Coal and Petroleum

Examples of Fossil Fuels

Carbon Cycle

Movement of carbon atoms as they cycle between organic and inorganic CO2

Carbon Footprint

A measure of the total greenhouse gases produced by human activities

Biological Magnification

The increasing buildup of toxic substances within organisms that happens at each stage of the food chain.

Sustainability

The use of earth’s resources in a way that will not destroy or deplete them

Natural Resources

Raw materials that are obtained from earth and considered valuable even in natural form

Water Lumbar

Example of natural resource

Ecological Footprint

A measure of how much land and water area is required to both suppl resources to an individual or population consumers AND absorb the wastes that person/population produces

Global Hectare

A measurement representing the biological productivity such as resource providing and waste absorbing capacity of a hectare of earth.

Biocapacity

The amount of Earth’s biological productive area, cropland, forest, fisheries that is available to provide resources and absorb waste.

Renewable Resource

A natural resource that are replenished after use as long as the rate of consumption does not exceed the rate of replacement.

Nonrenewable resource

Natural resource that cannot be easily replace in or in some cases, never replaced once used up.

Biodiversity

The number of different species and their relative abundance in an area, or on the planet, as a whole.

Aquifer

Underground layer of porous rock from which water can be extracted.