Chapter 22-23 Vocab Biology

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36 Terms

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Taiga
Evergreen trees, long cold winters, short summer
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Tundra
Arctic low growing vegetation, permafrost, long winters, short summer
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Tropical Forest
Warm temperature year-round, most rain of any biome, most biodiverse
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Temperate Deciduous Forest
Moderate winters and rain, most trees drop leaves in winter
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Savannah
Warm temperature, two seasons-wet and dry, most vegetation long grasses
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Grassland
Perennial grasses, cold winters, warm summers, mostly non-woody plants prairies
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Desert
Extreme dryness, hot summers, cold winters, cold nights compared to daytime.
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Marine
Covers 3/4 of earth, has coral reefs and estuaries.
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Fresh Water
Low salt concentration, ponds, rivers, lakes, wetlands, not as biodiverse as other water biome
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Fossil Fuels,
What is A? Using blank for energy converts organic carbon to CO2
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Cellular Respiration
What is B? Most organisms, including plants, animals, and decomposers perform blank producing CO2 from organic food.
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Atmosphere
What is C? CO2 is absorbed to the blank.
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Ocean
What is D? CO2 is absorbed by the blank
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Photosynthesis
What is E? Plants perform blank fixing CO2 into organic molecules
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Fossil Fuels /
What is F? Coal and oil are blank which trap carbon below Earth’s surface
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Ecosystem
Living and nonliving components in an environment
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Climate
Regional average of atmospheric conditions over long period of time looking at precipitation and temperature
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Weather
Short local atmospheric conditions that can change several times in a week.
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Greenhouse Effect
Natural process where heat is radiated from earths surface and trapped by the atmosphere, helps to maintain earth at a temperature that supports life.
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Greenhouse Gas
Any gasses in the earths atmosphere that absorb heat and contribute to the warming of the earth.
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Carbon Dioxide and Methane
Examples of greenhouse gases
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Fossil Fuels
Carbon rich energy source formed from compressed organic matter from ancient organisms.
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Coal and Petroleum
Examples of Fossil Fuels
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Carbon Cycle
Movement of carbon atoms as they cycle between organic and inorganic CO2
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Carbon Footprint
A measure of the total greenhouse gases produced by human activities
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Biological Magnification
The increasing buildup of toxic substances within organisms that happens at each stage of the food chain.
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Sustainability
The use of earth’s resources in a way that will not destroy or deplete them
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Natural Resources
Raw materials that are obtained from earth and considered valuable even in natural form
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Water Lumbar
Example of natural resource
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Ecological Footprint
A measure of how much land and water area is required to both suppl resources to an individual or population consumers AND absorb the wastes that person/population produces
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Global Hectare
A measurement representing the biological productivity such as resource providing and waste absorbing capacity of a hectare of earth.
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Biocapacity
The amount of Earth’s biological productive area, cropland, forest, fisheries that is available to provide resources and absorb waste.
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Renewable Resource
A natural resource that are replenished after use as long as the rate of consumption does not exceed the rate of replacement.
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Nonrenewable resource
Natural resource that cannot be easily replace in or in some cases, never replaced once used up.
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Biodiversity
The number of different species and their relative abundance in an area, or on the planet, as a whole.
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Aquifer
Underground layer of porous rock from which water can be extracted.