Mod 6 — ERIK ERIKSON

identity crisis

a turning point in one's life that may either strengthen or weaken one's personality

social; historical

In contrast to Freud, Erikson placed more emphasis on _______ and ___________ influences.

The Ego in Post-Freudian Theory

A positive force that creates self-identity, a sense of "I"

Ego

Center of personality

ego

Helps us adapt to various conflicts and crises of life and keeps us from losing our individuality to the leveling forces of society

potential; cultural

to erikson, the ego exists as _______ at birth but it must emerge from within a ________ environment

epigenetic principle

idea that human development unfolds in predetermined sequence of stages, each building upon the previous ine

opposites

in every stage of life there is an interaction of _______

syntonic element

Harmonious aspect in psychosocial conflict.

dystonic element

Disruptive aspect in psychosocial conflicts.

Ego quality/ego strength

the conflict between the dystonic and syntonic elements produce this

basic strength

erikson referred to ego quality or ego strength as _______

core pathology

Negative outcome from insufficient basic strength.

Psychosocial Stages of Development

To Erikson, eight successive stages encompassing the life span. At each stage, we must cope with a crisis in either an adaptive or a maladaptive way.

multiplicity of conflicts and events— past, present, and anticipated

ego identity is shaped by this

trust vs mistrust

Erikson's first stage during the first year of life, infants learn to trust when they are cared for in a consistent warm manner; infancy

hope

basic strength of infancy/stage 1

withdrawal

core pathology of stage 1

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

Erikson's stage in which a toddler learns to exercise will and to do things independently; failure to do so causes shame and doubt; early childhood

will

basic strength for stage 2

compulsion

core pathology for stage 2

Initiative vs. Guilt

Erikson's third stage in which the child finds independence in planning, playing and other activities; play age

purpose

Basic strength of stage 3

inhibition

core pathology for stage 3

Industry vs. Inferiority

Erikson's stage between 6 and 11 years, when the child learns to be productive; school age

competence

basic strength of stage 4

inertia

core pathology for stage 4

identity vs. role confusion

Erikson's stage during which teenagers and young adults search for and become their true selves; adolescents

fidelity

basic strength for stage 5

Role Repudiation

the core pathology of adolescence that blocks one's ability to synthesize various self-images and values into a workable identity

Intimacy vs. Isolation

Erikson's stage in which individuals form deeply personal relationships, marry, begin families

Love

Basic strength of stage 6

exclusivity

core pathology of young adulthood/stage 6

Generativity vs. Stagnation

Erikson's stage of social development in which middle-aged people begin to devote themselves more to fulfilling one's potential and doing public service

Care

Basic strength for adulthood/stage 7

Rejectivity

core pathology of adulthood

integrity vs despair

Erikson's final stage in which those near the end of life look back and evaluate their lives

wisdom

Basic strength for old age

disdain

core pathology for old age