Introduction to Anatomy of the Human Body

These flashcards cover key concepts from the Anatomy of the Human Body, focusing on the reproductive system, integumentary system, muscle types, and the nervous system.

What are the primary sex organs in the reproductive system of males and females?

Testes in males and ovaries in females.

What structure in the female reproductive system transports eggs from the ovaries?

Uterine tubes.

Which organ is responsible for carrying the developing fetus during pregnancy?

Uterus.

What is the primary function of the prostate gland in males?

Produces up to 30% of semen, including nutrients and enzymes to activate sperm.

What is the main function of the scrotum?

To keep the testes at a temperature lower than the body's core temperature for sperm production.

What is the role of the epididymis?

Storage and maturation of sperm.

Which glands produce 60% of semen and include fructose for sperm energy?

Seminal vesicles.

What is the function of the bulbourethral glands?

To clean the urethra and neutralize its acidity, producing 5% of semen.

What are the components of the male genital system?

Testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethral glands, penis.

What term describes the outer layer of the skin?

Epidermis.

What type of joint allows for free movement and is classified as diarthroses?

Synovial joints.

What are the three types of muscles in the human body?

Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles.

What is the innermost layer of the eye responsible for image creation?

Retina.

Define anatomy. What does the term derive from?

Anatomy is the descriptive study of different body parts, derived from the ancient Greek meaning 'to dissect'.

What are the functions of the integumentary system?

Protection, vitamin D synthesis, sensory reception, temperature regulation, and excretion.

What is the main source of strength for the body's support and protection for internal organs?

Bone.

What is the main muscle responsible for respiration?

Diaphragm.

What two systems make up the nervous system?

Central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS).

How many cranial nerves are there?

12 pairs.

Which anatomical structure houses the heart and lungs?

Thoracic cavity.