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DNA
An organic compound containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.
DNA stands for....
deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA found in....
nucleus
nucleotide
monomer of nucleic acids
parts of a nucleotide
5 carbon sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base
deoxyribose
A five-carbon sugar that is a component of DNA nucleotides
Watson and Crick
Developed the double helix model of DNA
purines
Bases with a double-ring structure.
Adenine and Guanine
pyrimidine
bases that has a single-ring structure; thymine and cytosine
semiconservative replication
Method of DNA replication in which parental strands separate, act as templates, and produce molecules of DNA with one parental DNA strand and one new DNA strand
base pairs in DNA
A-T
G-C
antiparallel
subunits of DNA run in opposite directions
DNA helicase
An enzyme that unwinds and separate the DNA double helix during DNA replication
DNA polymerase
Enzyme involved in DNA replication that joins individual nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule
Okazaki fragments
Small fragments of DNA produced on the lagging strand during DNA replication
leading strand
The new continuous complementary DNA strand synthesized along the template strand in the mandatory 5' to 3' direction.
lagging strand
The strand that is synthesized in fragments using individual sections called Okazaki fragments
DNA ligase
enzyme that chemically links DNA fragments together
topoisomerase
corrects "overwinding" ahead of replication forks by breaking, swiveling, and rejoining DNA strands
DNA primase
synthesis of RNA primer
RNA primer
short piece of RNA needed for DNA polymerase to start; acts as a marker for where to begin replicating DNA
single stranded binding proteins
keep the strands of DNA separate during replication
ATA CGG AGT
TAT GCC TCA