140 - hands on final sg

Nasal cannula: liter flow and FiO2 range?

1-6 L/min

24-44% FiO2

Simple mask: liter flow and FiO2 range?

5-10 L/min

35-50% FiO2

NRB: liter flow and FiO2 range?

10 - 15 L/min

60-80% FiO2

Oxymask: liter flow and FiO2 range?

1-15 L/min

24-80% FiO2

When should the nasal cannula be used?

for mild to moderate hypoxemia

When should the simple mask be used?

For moderate hypoxemia

When should the NRB be used?

For severe hypoxemia, emergency situations

When should the oxymask be used?

It is an all-purpose oxygen mask that can treat multiple types of hypoxemia.

What patients can benefit from airway clearance/bronchial hygiene devices?

Patients who need assistance clearing excess secretions out of their lungs

What are the indications for airway clearance/bronchial hygiene devices? (3)

• weak cough

• neuromuscular weakness

• a disease process like PNA or COPD that produces excess secretions

What are the airway clearance/bronchial hygiene devices? (7)

• flutter valve - aerobika

• flutter valve- acapella

• IPV

• metaneb

• cough assist

• vest (High Frequency Chest Wall Oscillation)

• Oral suction (yankauer)

What patients can benefit from airway expansion devices for opening the airways?

patients who have collapsed, partially collapsed, or obstructed upper/lower airways

What are other indications for airway expansion devices?

• atelectasis (post-surgery)

• excess fluids (pulmonary edema)

• inflammation (from PNA or pulmonary edema)

What are the airway expansion devices? (5)

• PAP therapies - CPAP, BIPAP

• Incentive spirometry

• IPV (can do both bronchial hygiene and airway expansion

• Metaneb (can do both bronchial hygiene and airway expansion)

• IPPB

• CPAP, NIV (for OSA, pulmonary edema)

Airway management for emergencies

Indications for NPAs? (2)

• Patients who have relaxed upper airway muscles (anesthesia)

• Patients who have tongue blocking the airway

Airway management for emergencies

Indications for OPAs? (4)

• Use only in unconscious patients

• Patient who is at risk for upper airway obstruction

• Relaxed upper airway msucles (anesthesia)

• Tongue blocking airway

Airway management for emergencies

Indications for LMAs? (4)

• When endotracheal intubation cannot be achieved

• In short term surgeries

• As a rescue device

• As a conduit to facilitate endotracheal intubation

Airway management for emergencies

What is the endotracheal tube and stylet used for?

ETT is inserted into the trachea, providing a direct airway for patients who cannot breathe on their own.

The stylet is used to stabilize and give form to the ETT during intubation

Airway management for emergencies

What is the laryngoscope used for?

Used to provide a clear view of the patient’s vocal cords and larynx, allowing for accurate intubation

Airway management for emergencies

What is the AMBU bag (BVM) used for?

Manual ventilation for patients who cannot breathe on their own, in emergency situations.

Airway management for emergencies

What is the yankauer used for?

Clears fluids, blood, and debris from a patient’s airway with suction.