chapter 2

government

an organization that controls, directs, and rules the actions of others

sovereign

fill in the blank

all ruling power (government, family, and church) comes from; God alone is _________

capital punishment

first civil ordinance; teaches sanctity of life

sanctity of life

fill in the blank

capital punishment teaches the _______ ___ _____

1. protect

2. punishing

fill in the blank

the purpose of the government is to _______ the innocent by _________ the wicked

laws

rules of human action or conduct

revealed law

given by God in the Bible

natural law

“written in their hearts” (conscience)

commandments

orders by God that rule man’s actions

• decalogue

• 10 commandments

example of orders by God that rule man’s actions

positive laws

must be followed because they were made by the rulers

God’s commandments

fill in the blank

positive law does not acknowledge ______ ____________

the code of hammurabi

list an example of a positive law

1. protect

2. provide

fill in the blanks

government is to ______ not ________

God

fill in the blank

every form of government derives its power from ____

theocracy

government where God rules directly

rule by clerics

fill in the blank

today, theocracy is “_____ ___ ______”

iran

fill in the blank

_____ is the best modern example

council of guardians

fill in the blank

iran is rule by “__________ ___ _________”

ayatollah

religious leader of Iran

sharia

Islamic law

secularism

government should remove everything religious from its domain

autocracy

rule by one whose will is supreme

democracy

the people rule either directly or indirectly

autocracy

The Rule by One

dynasty

rule by a single family

• romanovs

• tudors

• saud family

what are some examples of dynasties?

monarchy

receives their position by inheritance

absolute monarchy

the monarch has unlimited power

constitutional monarchy

the monarch’s power is limited by a constitution and is equal to or subservient to an elected representative assembly

queen Victoria

list an example of a constitutional monarchy.

dictatorship

ruler acquires power by some means other than inheritance and rules with absolute authority

francisco franco

who’s an example of a military dictatorship?

junta

military cabinet

totalitarian dictatorship

control all aspects of society

fascism

all power is centered on one person

nazism (national socialism)

racist fascism

adolf hitler

nazism

communism

violent overthrow of current government and rule over the people through terror

karl marx

communism was founded by ______ _______

vladimir lenin

first Communist dictator

communism

goal is to centralize the power, wealth, and resources among a small group of leaders while enslaving the rest of the population

1. proletariat

2. bourgeoisie

fill in the blank

communism sought to promote the _________ class while harming the ____________

socialism

economy, resources, and production is controlled by the government

1. form

2. system

fill in the blanks

socialism is not a _____ of government but a _________ of government control over a nation’s economy

economic system

the government should own or control the nation’s resources

political movement

seeks political change through legislation and regulation

social theory

individual is unimportant when compared to the welfare of the group

religious faith

man is basically good but society has corrupted him

freedom

fill in the blank

the price that is paid for socialism is the ________ of the people

democracy

any form of government in which the people rule

direct democracy

the people rule and create laws directly through a popular vote

• ancient Athens

• switzerland

• new England

fill in the blank

direct democracy is very rare except in _______ ______, _________, and ____ _______ town meetings

indirect democracy

the people rule indirectly through elected representatives; most common

constitutional representative

the best description of America’s form of government; the people and their representatives are limited by a constitution