Building Utilities I - Plumbing and Sanitary System

These flashcards cover key terms, principles, and concepts in Plumbing and Sanitary Systems from the lecture notes.

What century is the birth of plumbing profession in the Philippines traced back to?

17th century

What was the name of the model community established by the Spaniards in the Philippines?

Intramuros

Who were assigned with plumbing tasks in towns during the 18th and 19th centuries?

Filipino plumbers

What term refers to the elite group who sought the help of recognized plumbers?

Ilustrados

Who was the first Chief of the Division of Plumbing Construction and Inspection in Manila?

Master Plumber John F. Hass

What initiative did Filipino Master Plumbers take regarding plumbing codes?

They incorporated a plumbing code based on the Plumbing Code of the United States into the Building Code for Manila.

What is the purpose of Principle No. 1 in the National Plumbing Code?

To ensure a supply of pure and wholesome water.

What does Principle No. 2 emphasize in plumbing fixtures?

Sufficient water volume and pressure for satisfactory function.

What is emphasized in Principle No. 3 regarding plumbing design?

Using minimum quantity of water for proper performance.

What does Principle No. 4 address regarding water heating devices?

Prevention of dangers from explosion due to overheating.

What is required in Principle No. 5 for buildings with plumbing?

Connection to sewer systems if they are adjacent to public sewers.

According to Principle No. 6, how many water closets and sinks are required per dwelling unit?

At least one water closet and one kitchen type sink.

What materials must plumbing fixtures be made of according to Principle No. 7?

Smooth non-absorbent materials.

What does Principle No. 8 dictate about drainage systems?

They must safeguard against fouling and clogging.

What kind of materials should piping be made from as per Principle No. 9?

Durable NAMPAP approved materials.

What does Principle No. 10 require for fixtures connected to drainage systems?

Each must be equipped with a water-sealed trap.

What is specified in Principle No. 11 regarding drainage piping systems?

They must allow for adequate air circulation.

What is the purpose of vent terminals according to Principle No. 12?

To prevent clogging and foul air return.

What does Principle No. 13 involve regarding plumbing systems?

Testing for leaks and defects.

What kind of substances does Principle No. 14 prohibit from entering drainage systems?

Substances that can clog pipes or interfere with sewage disposal.

What protection is emphasized in Principle No. 15?

Preventing contamination of food and water by backflow of sewage.

Where should a water closet not be placed according to Principle No. 16?

In poorly lit and ventilated rooms.

What does Principle No. 17 state about sewage disposal when there’s no nearby sewer?

Suitable waste disposal must be arranged.

What provisions are made in Principle No. 18 regarding potential sewage backflow?

Prevention measures must be implemented.

What is noted in Principle No. 19 about plumbing systems?

They must be maintained by Registered Master Plumbers.

What is required for the spacing of plumbing fixtures as per Principle No. 20?

Proper installation for accessibility.

What must Registered Master Plumbers consider during installation according to Principle No. 21?

Preservation of the strength of structural members.

What should not be discharged into the ground as per Principle No. 22?

Waste harmful to surface or sub-surface waters.

What does Section 100 of the National Building Code state about permits?

Professional services of a Registered Master Plumber are required.

Who can obtain plumbing permits according to Section 101?

Only Registered and Licensed Master Plumbers.

What must be included in the grant of permits according to Section 102?

Application must identify and describe plumbing work.

What is required for documents submitted with permit applications as stated in Section 102?

Plans, drawings, technical specifications and other data.

What is emphasized in Section 103 about permit issuance?

Applications must be reviewed by the Administrative Authority.

What does Section 104 state regarding existing plumbing systems?

Additions or alterations must conform to new plumbing system requirements.

What maintenance expectation is laid out in Section 104?

Current plumbing systems must be maintained in proper working condition.

What must be inspected in Section 105?

All plumbing systems that require permits.

What does Section 106 mention about permanent and temporary connections?

Approval required for both types before installation.

What does Section 107 stipulate for Licensed Master Plumbers?

They must secure a seal for applications and plans.

What characterizes Galvanized Iron Pipe?

Made from mild steel with a lifespan of 15-20 years.

What type of water is Galvanized Iron Pipe susceptible to?

Corrosion from alkaline and acid water.

What are the two types of plastic pipes mentioned?

Rigid and Flexible types.

What is Cast Iron Pipe typically used for?

Building needs under 25 storeys high.

What is a Vitrified Clay Pipe treated with?

Glazed compound.

What is Lead Pipe known for in plumbing?

Its high resistance but is toxic for human health.

What defines Brass Pipe as superior?

Its smooth surface and high acid resistance.

What is Copper Pipe valued for?

Durability and corrosion resistance.

What is the purpose of a coupling in plumbing?

To connect pipes of the same diameter.

How does a valve function in plumbing?

To control water flow in a system.

What are the advantages of tank-less water systems?

Unlimited hot water and space-saving.

What heating system has lower maintenance costs as per water supply lectures?

Storage heating systems.

What is soft water characterized by?

Lack of calcium and magnesium, resulting in easy lathering.

What is the disadvantage of underground water sources?

Requires treatment due to organic matter and chemicals.

What is the purpose of sedimentation in water treatment?

To allow suspended particles to settle out of water.

What is a common chemical used in water treatment?

Chlorine.

What is the primary function of a septic tank?

To retain sewage and allow solids to settle.

What are two types of public sewer lines described?

Sanitary sewer line and storm drain.

What is the significance of the required spacing between plumbing fixtures?

To ensure accessibility and usability.

How does washing-up sink differ from kitchen or service sinks?

It is used specifically for washing hands and cleaning up.

What type of water supply system uses gravity to distribute water?

Overhead feed system.

What is a major consideration when designing a sewer line?

Avoiding contamination of water sources.

What safety measure is required for faucets concerning backflow?

Incorporating a vacuum breaker.

What does a service sink typically facilitate?

Cleaning and disposing of waste.

What is unique about bidets compared to toilets?

Designed specifically for cleaning the perineal area.

How is a lavatory generally categorized?

For personal hygiene use, varied by public and residential types.

What is a common use for washing trays?

Washing clothes or facilitating laundry tasks.

What does a floor drain do?

Provides an emergency outlet for excess water.

What plumbing fixture is primarily for bathing?

Bathtub.

What is the standard size of a bathtub mentioned in the notes?

5 ft long by 30 inches wide.

What system receives sewage from buildings to a treatment facility?

Public sewer line system.

What method is used for cleaning the perineal area in traditional setups?

Using bidets.

What are common dimensions for laundry trays?

Typically, 22 inches by 24 inches for single trays and larger for double.

What types of pipes contribute to a plumbing system?

Galvanized iron, copper, brass, and plastic pipes.

What is the general function of valves in plumbing systems?

To open or close flow paths in pipes.

What should septic tanks be constructed from?

Durable, non-corrosive materials.

What chemical treatment is noted for improving water quality?

Chemical treatments to eliminate harmful bacteria.

What is emphasized regarding the drainage fixture unit (DFU)?

It quantifies the load on plumbing systems.

What does the National Plumbing Code emphasize about plumbing installations?

Compliance with safety and health standards.

What plumbing fixture must be accessible and spacious?

Lavatory.

What defines hot water systems?

Methods for heating and distributing hot water within buildings.

What plumbing term describes water contaminated with human waste?

Black Water.

What is greywater?

Water that comes from sinks, bathtubs, and washing machines.

How does hard water affect plumbing systems?

Causes scale build-up and reduces efficiency.

What are flushometer valves used for?

To supply a fixed quantity of water for flushing.

What risks do septic tanks address regarding human waste?

Preventing contamination and health hazards.

What is a key aspect of maintaining plumbing systems?

Regular inspections and repairs by licensed professionals.

What is the significance of the drainage piping slope?

To ensure efficient flow and prevent clogs.

What are common conditions leading to water supply complications?

Low pressure, contamination, or insufficient source.

What does the term 'fixture fittings' refer to?

Components like faucets and valves in plumbing.

What is an emergency fixture in plumbing?

Designed to handle unexpected overflow or leaks.