BMA123 EXAM1

Facts & Statistics

These make an argument sound scientific and help to make it seem credible and well-researched.

Anecdotes

Adding a brief personal story to form a connection with the reader through illustrating the writer ' s experience

Expert Opinion

Adds weight to an argument by quoting a respected figure or organisation

Real Life Examples

Including examples of real people, places or events to support the author ' s argument.

Direct Address

Speaking directly to an audience using pronouns such as ‘ you ’ , ‘ your ’ and ‘ yourself’

Inclusive Language

Using first person plural words like ‘ we ’ , ‘ us ’ and ‘ our ’ to create a sense of unity between author and audience.

Rhetorical Question

Asking questions that imply their own logical answer to force the audience to make a decision or think about an issue.

Jargon

Using subject– specific language that makes the author appear as an expert in their field.

Repetition

Repetitive use of particular words or phrases to create emphasis or draw attention.

Tricolon

A three-part sentence that is effective because the human brain more readily processes ideas in groups of three.

Figurative Language

Using words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation to create imagery or illustrate an idea

Emotive Language

Using words with strong emotional connotations to encourage a particular response from the reader

Subheadings

Smaller headings to help organise the sections of the article.

Tear Out Sections

Enlarged quotes from the article that are attention-grabbing.

Images & Graphics

Can include photographs, illustrations, maps or diagrams.

Language Features

Creative and engaging use of language including rhetorical devices, descriptive language and syntax.

Font Styles

Varying font to signpost important headings, words or phrases e.g. bold, italics, underlining, capital letters

Headline

A bold, attentiongrabbing phrase or statement that engages the reader

Synopsis

A brief summary to hook the reader without giving everything away.

Introduction

An engaging introduction that captures the reader ’ s interest and introduces the topic and/or main argument.

Body Paragraphs

Outline the author ' s subpoints and includes a range of evidence to support.

Conclusion

Leaves a lasting impression and can finish with a call to action.

Feature Article

an article that deals with real events, issues or trends

Audience

the group of readers that the writer is addressing. In other words, a specific group of people with shared characteristics who are most likely to be readers of a certain publication or people interested in a certain issue

Purpose

the reason for which a text is created.

Historical Context

How does the text reflect the historical, social, cultural or political period in which it was written? How have certain events or issues influenced the text?

Situational Context

Where and when is the text published (i.e. the publication)

Authorial Context

Who is the writer? What do we know about their background, their life, their style and other work etc. How do these influence the text?

Context

the environment in which a text is created and responded to

Article

a written composition that is typically published in a newspaper, magazine, journal, or online platform

Conjunctions

words that link other words, phrases, or clauses together

Prepositions

s indicate direction, time, location, and spatial relationships, as well as other abstract types of relationships.

Adverb

a word that modifies (describes) a verb, an adjective, another adverb, or even a whole sentence

Pronouns

a type of generic noun that can represent any other noun. Their job is to make communication faster and more efficient because you don’t have to repeat the same word over and over again.

Verbs

are words that represent actions that are external (run, jump, work) and internal (love, think, consider). Without verbs, you can’t do anything, you can’t feel anything—you can’t even be anything

Adjectives

are words that describe the qualities or states of being of nouns: enormous, doglike, silly, yellow, fun, fast. They can also describe the quantity of nouns: many, few, millions, eleven

Noun

a word that names something, such as a person, place, thing, or idea. In a sentence, nouns can play the role of subject, direct object, indirect object, subject complement, object complement, appositive, or modifier.

Slashes

can be used in AP style to separate two linked but opposite ideas or to break up song lyrics or poem lines

Brackets

typically used to enclose editorial comments, corrections, or additions within quoted material

Parentheses

used to enclose additional information or clarifications within a sentence

Question marks

used to indicate a question or to express doubt or uncertainty

Exclamation points

powerful punctuation marks that convey strong emotions or exclamatory statements

Hyphens

“joiners,” most commonly used for compound modifiers, or when two or more connected words precede a noun

Em Dash

to signify an abrupt change in the sentence or a pregnant pause