EMT medications

Six R’s before giving medications

Right patient, right medication, right dose, right time, right route, right documentation

Nasal Cannula

Flow: 6 LPM at 24-44%

Non rebreather

Flow rate: 10-15 LPM at 90-100%

BVM

Flow: 15-25 LPM at 90-100%

CPAP

• Flow: depends, contraindications: hypotension, vomiting, AMS, pnemothorax

Acetaminophen

Interferes with pain by blocking prostaglandin ; Indication: fever, moderate to severe pain ; contraindication: hypersensitivity, liver disease

Acetaminophen

Adult dose: 500-1000mg or 325 mg capsules, Pedi: 15 mg/kg, route: PO

Activated Charcoal

Description: binds with substance to prevent absorption ; Indication: ingested poisoning; route: PO

Albuterol Nebulizer

Description: Beta 2 broncodilatador, beta-agonist ; Indication: respiratory distress, wheezing/ broncospasms; Contraindication: hypersensitivity

Albuterol Nebulizer

Dose: 2.5-5mg, pedi dose: 1.25-2.5mg, Route: nebulized

Aspirin

Description: anti platelet aggregator ; Indication: chest pain suggestive of MI with ability to swallow ; Contraindications: allergy, history of asthma, not taking blood clot meds, recent bleeding

Aspirin

Dose: 4(81 mg baby aspirin) for 324mg ; NO PEDI; route: PO chewable

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

Description: blocks histamine (H1 blocker) ; indication: allergic reaction ; Contraindication: infants < 3mo

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

Dose: 25-50 mg ; pedi dose: 1 mg/kg (max 25) ; route: oral

Epinephrine

Description: hormone, vasodilator, bronchodilator and vasopressor for allergies ; indications: allergic reactions with breathing difficulties, anaphylaxis ; contraindications: none

Epinephrine

Dose: 0.3-0.5 mg , pedi dose: 0.1 mg/ kg (max 0.3) ; Route: IM

Glucagon

Description: Releases glucose into bloodstream by glucagon breakdown in liver ; Indication: Hypoglycemia ; contraindication: none

Glucagon

Dose: 1-2 mg ; Pedi dose: 0.1 mg/kg (max 1mg) ; Route: IM

Ibuprofen

Description: Block substances that cause inflammation (NSAID) ; Indication: mild to moderate pain and fever; Contraindications: allergies, Renal disease, Renal transplant, Pregnancy, GI bleeding, children <6

Ibuprofen

Dose: 400-800 mg ; pedi dose: 10 mg/kg ; Route: PO

Narcan

Description: reverses narcotic depressant effects on resp system (narcotic antagonist) ; Indications: unconscious and in resp failure due to overdose ; contrindications: none

Narcan

Dose: 0.4-2 mg , Pedi Dose: 0.1 mg/kg (max 2mg) , route: intranasal

Nitroglycerin

Description: dislates coronary muscles, effects the whole body (vasodilator) ; indication: chest pain, pulmonary edema- CHF ; contraindications: low BP, erectile dysfunction meds (viagra, levita, cialis)

Nitroglycerin

Dose: one spray (0.4 mg) every 5 min (max 3) ; Pedi dose: none ; Route: sublingual

Oral glucose

Description: sugar ; indication: hypoglycemia, altered mental status w history of diabetes ; contraindication: risk of aspiration

Oral Glucose

Dose: 15g - one tube ; Pedi dose: same ; Route: PO

Oxymetazoline (Afrin)

Description: stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors in nose blood vessels, vasoconstriction ; Indication: epistaxis ; Contraindication: hypertension (>200)

Oxymetazoline (Afrin)

Dose: 2 sprays ; Pedi dose: 1-2 sprays ; Route: IN