5.2.4 Control of Body Temperature

Where is the thermoregulatory centre located?

It is in the brain and monitors and controls body temperature.

What receptors does the thermoregulatory centre use?

It has receptors in the blood to monitor blood temperature, and receptors in the skin that send impulses to the brain.

What is the normal human body temperature?

37.5°C.

How does sweating reduce body temperature?

Sweat evaporates from the skin surface, transferring energy away from the body and cooling it down.

What is vasodilation and how does it help cool the body?

Vasodilation is when blood vessels widen so more blood flows near the skin surface, increasing heat loss.

How does the body respond when temperature decreases?

Sweating stops, skeletal muscles contract rapidly (shivering) to release heat from respiration, and hairs stand on end to trap warm air.

What is vasoconstriction and how does it help retain heat?

Vasoconstriction is when blood vessels narrow so less blood flows close to the skin surface, reducing heat loss.