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Bacteria are usually autotrophs. (T/F)
True
What 2 other organisms are also autotrophs?
algae and plants
Some bacteria can also be heterotrophs. (T/F)
true
relationship where bacteria and man both benefit from each other
symbiosis
relationship where bacteria may benefit and man receives no real benefit or harm
commensalism
several species of bacteria accomplish together what neither bacterium could accomplish individually
synergism
an organism may be pathogenic to a host if the host's immune system is compromised; often part of host's normal flora
opportunism
relationship where one organism benefits and another is harmed
parasitism
bacteria that grow best at cold temperatures
psychrophiles
bacteria that grow best at moderate temperature
mesophiles
bacteria that grow best at warm temperatures
thermphiles
bacteria that grow in extremely warm/hot temperatures
extreme thermophiles
some organisms that are not thermophiles, but can survive (not necessarily grow) in high temperatures
thermoduric organism
Which organism would likely be most human pathogens?
mesophiles
Would psychrophiles likely be pathogenic to humans?
no, we are too warm
How do we protect our food from becoming a reservoir for mesophilic bacteria that may make us ill?
cooling or heating
Would boiling be an effective method of killing ALL thermophiles?
no, we must use an autoclave
___ require an environment that contains Oxygen
aerobes (obligate)
_____ do NOT require an oxygen environment for growth or reproduction
anaerobes (obligate)
Type of anaerobe that requires absolutely NO Oxygen
Strict anaerobe
___ _____ can grow either in the presence or absence of Oxygen
Facultative anaerobes
What category of the most clinically significant bacteria fall under?
facultative anaerobes
____ grow best in an Oxygen-limited environment
microaerophiles
Most bacteria have an internal pH of approximately _
7
Most bacteria grow best at a pH of _ to _
6;8
What is the exception to bacteria growth pH?
Helicobacter pylori
Bacteria can't grow well in hyperosmotic environments. (T/F)
True
Hugh sugar or salt content tends to draw water out of the organism, thereby ___
Dehydrating
"Salt lover"
Halophiles
What is the one common organism that can survive in salty environments?
Staphylococcus aureus
In mannitol salt agar, it is selective for the growth of the genus:
Staphylococcus
Yellow growth on mannitol salt agar is
Staphylococcus aureus
Any other staphylococcus other than aureus turns the mannitol salt agar ___
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