Principles quiz 4

Deep Spinal Muscles

Intertransverse

Interspinalis

Transversospinalis

intertransverse

in between transverse processes, lumbar and cervical mostly

lateral flexion of trunk; stabilization

interspinalis

between adjacent spinous processes

resists flexion; helps extension

on either side of spinous ligament

transversospinalis

contains:

rotatores (thoracic)—insert 2 spinious processes and lamina above

multifidus (insert spinous process)

semispinalis capitis (inserts onto head)

semispinalis cervicis

semispinalis thoracic

what do they do: extension, sidebending, rotation

Erector Spinae (superficial to deep)— I Like Standing

iliocostalis

longissimus

spinalis/semispinalis capitis

iliocostalis

cervicis- upper rib to TP of C4-6

thoracis- lower 6 ribs to TP of c7

lumborum- ribs to sacral/iliac crest

extension, side bending, rotation

Longissimus

capitis- c4-t5 to mastoid process (CAP=head)

cervicis- t1-5 to c2-6

thoracis

extension and lateral flexion

spinalis capitis and semispinalis capitis

spinalis capitis- SP c7-t1 to occipital bone (head)

semispinalis capitis- TP of c4-t4 to occipital bone

two muscles work together to side bend and rotate; if head fixed, straightens spine

spinalis thoracis- extends thoracic spine like above

iliopsoas (MUSCLES OF TRUNK)

2 muscles that share common tendon

• psoas major- acts on hip and spine

• iliacus- acts on hip

Major: t12-L5 to lesser trochanter (medial on femur)

Bilat contraction: erects/straightens spine

unilat: sidebending, flexion, contralateral rotation

quadratus lumborum (MUSCLES OF TRUNK)

posterior to iliac crest to rib 12/TP of L1-4

when pelvis is fixed: pulls on ribs, sidebending of lumbar spine, expiration

when ribs fixed: raises pelvis

Abdominal muscles—deep to superficial

terms—

linea alba: white tissue in line anterior and center

aponeurosis: broad and wide tendon

transverse abdominis

internal oblique

external oblique —these three knit togetherin the middle to form aponeurosis

rectus abdominis

transverse abdominis

attachments: inguinal ligament (from ASIS to pubic tubercle),iliac crest, cartilage of last 7 ribs, posterior to lumbar vertebra and anterior to linea alba

horizonal fibers

used when coughing

fills in the abdominal space

Internal oblique

same attachments as transverse abdominis

average fiber direction (KISS!), or anterior and superiorly

external oblique

attachments: below inguinal ligament and iliac crest, anterior to last 8 ribs, anterior to linea alba

average fiber direction (POCKETS!) or posterior and inferior

rectus abdominis

attachments: crest of pubic symphysis, xiphoid process, cartilage of ribs 5-7

vertical fibers-tendonous intersections (ie abs)

flexion

rectus sheath- fibrous compartment formed by the aponeuroses of the abdominal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles, enclosing the rectus abdominis